
Author 



Title 



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COURSES 



IN THE 



Detroit Evening 
High Schools 




Published by the Authority of the 

BOARD OF EDUCATION 

CITY OF DETROIT 
1919 



Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiw 

Heitman-Gariad Co., Detroit 



ro'it T«M'<c *cho«ls, 



COURSES 

IN THE 

Detroit Evening 
High Schools 




Published by the Authority of the 

Board of Education 

CITY OF DETROIT 
1919 



\ft 



Courses of Study 






EVENING SCHOOL CALENDAR 

1919-20 



Fall Term 
September 3, 4, 5, 1919 — Advance enrollment. 
September 8, 1919 — Fall term begins. 

November 27, 1919 — Thanksgiving day recess. 

December 11, 1919 — Fall term closes. 

Winter Term 



January 5, 


1920 — Winter term begins. 


March 26, 


1920 — Winter term closes. 




Spring Term 


April 5, 


1920 — Spring term begins. 


June 24, 


1920 — Spring term closes. 




Summer Term 


June 28, 


1920 — Summer term begins 


August 19, 


1920 — Summer term closes. 



"». of B. 
-ON 25 19J9 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



THE PURPOSE OF THE EVENING SCHOOLS 

The Detroit Evening High Schools are organized for the purposes 
of giving instruction to wage-earning people to give them an opportunity 
to obtain practical information required for business and industrial life, 
and thus increase their earning power. They are organized also to give 
the foreigner who desires to become a citL :n an opportunity first to learn 
English and adapt himself to his new community and then to take Ameri- 
canization work to give him a working knowledge of democracy and so 
assist him towards citizenship. They are also planned to give academic 
instruction to such people as desire to continue their schooling, but are unable 
are unable to do so in the daytime because of economic conditions. The 
evening schools afford an opportunity for everyone to make up deficiencies 
and to increase their knowledge and skill. 



Courses of Study 



GENERAL INFORMATION 



Four Terms 

The sessions of the evening high schools are divided into four terms. 

The Fall Term begins Monday, September 8th, 1919, and closes Decem- 
ber 11, 1919. 

The Winter Term begins Monday, January 5, 1920, and closes Thurs- 
day, March 26, 1920. 

The Spring Term opens April 5, 1920, and closes June 24, 1920. 

The Summer Term opens June 28, 1920, at Cass Technical High School 
only, and closes August 19, 1920. 

Classes 
All classes meet two evenings a week — either Monday and Wednes- 
day, Tuesday and Thursday, or Friday and Saturday, and are in session 
from 7:00 to 9:00 o'clock. The sessions in the shop, drawing, and labora- 
tory courses are from 7:00 to 10:00 o'clock. 

• Enrollments ' 

Enrollments are made on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday of the 

week previous to the opening of school and the first week of each term. 

Students will not be admitted into classes after the first week in each term. 

Requirements 

The student must satisfy the principal or teacher in charge of the 
class room, as to his fitness to pursue the study which he elects. 

For admission to mechanical and architectural drawing, shop, and lab- 
oratory couVses, students must have a good working knowledge of math- 
ematics through common and decimal fractions. 

For admission to commercial studies, students must have completed 
the eighth grade. 

Students under 16 years of age will not be admitted unless they have 
been granted working permits. 

No student will be allowed to take more than two studies in any one 
term. 

Credits 

Students will be given credits which will be accepted by high schools 
and colleges on satisfactory completion of work. 

Tuition 
Students living outside the city limits will pay a tuition of $10.00 per 
term for four evenings per week, or $5.00 per term for two evenings per 
week in addition to regular deposit. 

Deposits 

All of the deposit is returnable to the student at the end of any term, 
provided he has attendance of 75 per cent and provided he returns in good 
condition all books, tools, instruments, etc., entrusted to him. 

Such reasons as "sickness," "leaving the city," "change of hours of 
work," etc., will not entitle a student to a return of deposit, or any part 
of it. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



SCHEDULE OF GLASSES 

1919-1920 



CASS TECHNICAL EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

Grand River and Second Ave. 
Registration Deposit $5.00, Returnable on 75% Attendance for the Term Registered 



Technical Department 



Machinist's Course. 

Machine Shop 

Shop Mathematics . 



Mechanical Drawing Course. 

Mechanical Drawing (Beg.) 

Mechanical Drawing (Adv.) . . . . 

Mathematics for Mech. Draw. 
Electrical Course. 

Electricity — Laboratory 

Electricity — Recitation 

Mathematics for Elect. Workers . 
Chemistry Course. 

Chemistry (Beginners) 

Qualitative Analysis 

Quantitative Analysis 

Chemistry for Nurses 

Pharmacy Course 

Pattern Making Course. ....... 

Special Classes. 

Architectural Drawing 

Tracing 

Printing 

Wireless Telegraphy 



Hour 


Mon. 


Tues. 


Wed. 


Thurs 


Fri. 




Room 


Room 


Room 


Room 


Room 


5:00- 7:30 


101-la 


101-2a 


101-la 


101-la 


101-2a 


7:30- 10:30 


101-1 


101-2 


101-3 


101-1 


101-2 


7-9 


206-1 


206-2 


206-3 


206-4 


206-5 


7-10 


300-1 


300-2 


300-3 


300-1 


300-2 


7-10 


309-1 


309-2 


309-3 


309-1 


309-2 


7-9 


204-1 


204-2 


204-3 


204-4 


204-5 


7-10 


100-1 


100-2 


100-3 


100-4 


100-5 


7-9 


200-3 


200-4 


200-5 


200-1 


200-2 


7-9 


203-2 


203-3 


203-4 


203-5 


203-1 


7-10 


108-1 


108-2 


108-1 


108-2 


108-1 


7-10 




109-1 




109-1 




7-10 


109-2 




109-2 




102-2 


7-9 


215-1 


215-2 


215-1 


215-2 


..... 


7-10 


214-1 


214-2 


214-3 


214-1 


214-2 


7-9 


105-2 


207-1 


105-2 


207-1 




7-10 


308-1 




308-1 






7-10 




308-1 




308-2 




7-9 


110-1 




110-1 






7-10 


210 




210 







Sat. 
Room 



101-3a 
101-3 



300-3 
309-3 



108-2 
109-1 



214-3 



Registration Deposit $1.00, Returnable on 75% Attendance for the Term Registered 



Elementary Department 


Hour 


Mon. 
Room 


Tues. 
Room 


Wed. 
Room 


Thurs . 
Room 


Fri. 
Room 


Sat. 
Room 


Seventh and Eighth Grades 


7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-10 


310 
311 
312 
314 
303 
301 
302 
317 
316 

Gym. 


310 
311 
312 
314 
303 
301 
302 
317 

Swim 


310 
311 
312 
314 
303 
301 
302 
317 
316 

Gym. 


310 
311 
312 
314 
303 
301 
302 
317 

Gym. 










Americanization 




Gym. and Swimming (Women).. 
Gym. and Swimming (Men — . . . 





Courses of Stud? 



WILKINS HIGH SCHOOL OF COMMERCE EVENING SCHOOL 
Porter Street wout Second and Michigan Avemio 



Subject 



Applied English 

English 

Arithmetic I 

Arithmetic II 

Bookkeeping I 

Bookkeeping II 

Cost Ice • nting 

Commercial Law 

Salesmanship 

Shorthand (Beginning) 

Shorthand (Beginning) 

Shorthand (Dictation 

Shorthand (Advanced) 

F\ pewriting 

Typewriting 

Calculating and Adding Machines 
Penmanship and Letterwritiug . . . 



Vposit 


Hour 


Mon. 


lues. 


Wed. 


Thurs. 






Room 


Room 


Room 


Room 


11 00 


7-9 




103 




103 


LOO 


7 




104 




104 


1 00 


7 




102 




102 


1 00 


: 9 


102 




102 




1 00 


7 


202 




202 




1 00 


7 










1 00 


7 


20 1 




203 




1 00 


7 


107 




107 




1 00 


7 






LOS 






7 


100 




100 




1 00 


7 9 


101 




101 




1 00 


7 




101 




101 


I 00 


7 




100 




LOO 


1 00 


7 


200 


200 


200 




I 00 


7 -9 








202 




7 ;i 


201 


201 


201 


201 


1 00 


: g 




301 




301 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



CENTRAL EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

Cass and Warren Aves. 



Subject 



Technical 

Machine Shop and Shop 

Mathematics 

Mechanical Drawing I 

Mechanical Drawing II 

Architectural Drawing 

Free Hand Drawing 

Science 

Physics I and II 

Chemistry I and II 

Commercial 

Shorthand I ■. 

Shorthand II 

Shorthand III 

Shorthand IV 

Typewriting I 

Typewriting II 

Arithmetic I and II 

Bookkeeping I 

Bookkeeping II 

Commercial Law and Commercial 

Geography 

Penmanship and Business English . . 

Salesmanship 

History 

American History 

Mathematics 

Algebra I and II 

Geometry I and II 

Algebra III 

Trigonometry 

Languages 

English I 

English II 

English III 

English IV 

English V 

English VI 

English VII and VIII 

Literature 

Latin 

French I 

French II 

French III 

Spanish I 

Spanish II 

Spanish III 

Domestic Science and Art 

Millinery 

Sewing 

Cooking 

Music 

Piano 

Orchestra 

Chorus and Sight Reading 

7th and 8th Grades 

5th and 6th Grades 

Americanization 

Physical Training 

Gymnasium (Men) 

Gymnasium (Women) 

Swimming (Women) 



De- 
posit 



$5 . 00 



1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

2.00 
2.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
. 1.00 
' 1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 

$1.00 

1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



Mon. 
Room 



55 
104 
158 



120 
157 

118 
153 



105 
165 



110 

110 

130 
123 
124 
124 
133 
19 



108 
108 



58 (1) 
52 (1) 



300 
111 

134 
131 
203 

255 



Tues. 
Room 



55 
104 

158 
158 
152 



120 
157 

155 
153 



110 

130 

123 

123 

129 

112 

19 
108 



58 (2) 
52 (2) 



111 

134 
131 
203 



256 
256 



Wed. Thurs 
Room Room 



55 
104 
158 



120 
157 



118 
118 



153 



105 
165 



110 

110 

130 
123 
124 
124 
133 
19 



108 
108 

58 (1) 

52 (1) 

66 

300 
111 

134 
131 
203 

255 



55 
104 

158 
158 
152 

17 

120 

157 
118(2) 

155 

153 

166 
111 

110 

130 

123 

123 

129 

112 

19 
108 



58 (2) 
52 (2) 



111 
134 
131 
203 



256 
256 



Fri. 
Room 



55 
104 



118(2) 



Sat. 
Room 



55 
104 



Courses of Study 



EASTERN EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 
Boulevard and Mack 



Subject, 



Technical Dept. 

Mechanical Drawing II 

Mechanical Drawing II 

Mechanical Drawing I 

Mechanical Drawing I 

D = Drawing. M = Mathematics.) 

Gasoline Engines 

Sewing 

Sewing 

Sewing 

Tailoring 

Architectural Drawing 

Commercial Dept. 

Bookkeeping 

Bookkeeping 

Business English 

Business Arithmetic 

Shorthand (Beginners) 

Shorthand (Advanced . . . „ 

Shorthand (Dictation) 

Typewriting 

Typewriting , 

Typewriting 

Academic Dept. 

French II 

French II 

French I , 

French I 

Spanish 

English I 

Algebra 

Music 

Chorus 

Orchestra 

Physical Training (Men) 

Physical Training (Women) 

Elementary Dept. and Americanization 



Deposit 



$1.00 

1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



Mon. 
Room 



D150 
M221 



123 
231 



233 
232 



322 



225 
325 



400 



321 
226 
323 

321 
223 



Aud. 

Gym. 

200 



Tues. 
Room 



D150 
M221 



231 



140 



322 
225 



325 
223 



400 



323 



223 



Aud. 

Gym. 
200 



Wed. 
Room 



M221 
D150 



123 
231 



233 
232 



322 



225 
325 



400 



321 
226 
323 

321 
223 



Aud. 

Gym. 

200 



Thurs. 
Room 



Fri. arid 

Sat 
Room 



M221 
D150 



231 



140 



322 
224 



325 

223 



400 



323 



223 



Aud. 



Gym. 
200- 



400 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



NORDSTRUM EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

West Fort Street near Beard 



Subject 



JLanguage 

English 

French 

Physical Training 

Physical Culture (Women) 

Physical Culture (Men) 

Mathematics 

Arithmetic 

Algebra 

Geometry 

Trigonometry 

Elementary Dept. 

First to Fourth Grades 

Fifth to Sixth Grades 

Seventh and Eighth Grades 

Americanization 

Business Dept. 

Business English 

(Penmanship, Letter Writing, Spelling) 

Bookkeeping 

Shorthand (Beginning) 

Shorthand (Advanced) 

Typewriting I 

Typewriting II 

Industrial Dept. 

Mechanical Drawing 

Architectural Drawing 

Pattern Making and Cabinet Making. . . 
Household Arts Dept. 

Cooking 

Sewing 

Millinery 

Music 

Orchestra 

Chorus 

Red Cross 



Deposit 



$1.00 
1.00 



1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



1.00 



1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1 00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
No fee 



Mon. 
Room 



207 

Gym, 

205 
205 



209 
209 
206 
208 

203 



201 

105 
103 

304 

308 
303 



Tues. 
Room 



207 

Gym. 

205 

205 

209 
209 
206 
208 

203 

201 
105 

103 
102 

104 

304 

308 



Wed. 
Room 



Thurs. 
Room 



207 

Gym. 

205 
205 



209 
206 
206 
208 

203 



201 

105 
103 

-304 
308 



207 

Gym. 

205 
205 

206 

203 

201 
105 

103 
102 

104 

304 

308 



10 



Courses of Study 



NORTHEASTERN EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

Hancock, Grandy and Warren Avenues 



Subject 



Algebra (Advanced) * 

Algebra (Beginning) 

Arithmetic (Beginning) 

Arithmetic (Advanced) 

Bookkeeping (Beginning) 

Bookkeeping (Advanced) 

Commercial Law 

Cooking (Advanced) 

Cooking (Beginning) 

English I 

English II 

Mechanical Drawing (Beginning) 

Mechanical Drawing (Advanced) 

Mechanical Drawing (Advanced) 

Mechanical Drawing (Beginning) 

Sewing (Beginning) 

Sewing (Beginning) 

Sewing (Advanced) 

Sewing (Advanced) 

Shorthand (Beginning) 

Shorthand (Advanced) 

Shop (Woodworking) 

Typewriting (Beginning) 

Typewriting (Advanced) 

Seventh and Eighth Grades 

Fifth and Sixth Grades 

Seventh and Eighth Grades 

Fifth and Sixth Grades 

Elementary English (For those wishing to learn to 

speak English) 

Orchestra 

Citizenship Class 

Gymnasium (Men) 

Gymnasium (Women) 

Swimming 



Deposit 



Mon. 

Room 



$1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 



1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



206 
208 
205 
211 



209 
202 



215 

7 
217 

210 
108 
212 
103 

114 

Aud. 

Gym. 



Tues. 
Room 



206 
208 
205 

8 
207 

202 

1 



4 
215 



217 

210 
108 
212 
103 

114 

202 

Gym. 



Wed. 

Room 



Thurs. 
Room 



206 
208 
205 

211 

8 



209 
202 



215 

7 
217 

210 
108 
212 
103 

114 

202 

Gym. 



206 
208 
205 



8 
207 



202 
1 



4 
215 



217 
210 
108 
212 
103 

114 
Aud. 



Gym. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



11 



NORTHERN EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

Woodward and Josephine 



Subject 



English I 

English II 

English III 

English IV 

English VI 

English VII 

French I 

French I 

Spanish I 

SpanishI I 

Arithmetic ^ 

Algebra (Beginners) 

Algebra (Advanced) 

Chemistry 

Bookkeeping I 

Bookkeeping I 

Cost Accounting 

Shorthand I 

Shorthand II 

Shorthand (Advanced) 

Typewriting 

Commercial Law 

Business English I 

Business English II 

Fifth Grade 

Sixth Grade 

Seventh Grade 

Eighth Grade 

Mechanical Drawing 

Shop Mathematics 

Cooking 

Sewing 

Physical Training (Men) . . 
Physical Training (Women) 

Swimming (Men) 

Swimming (Women) 



Deposit 



$1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



Mon. 

Room 



210 
212 
214 
205 

209 

206 

101 
313 

303 
215 

217 
221 
213 

219 
312 
306 
310 
314 
319 

119 

Gym. 
Gym 



Tues. 
Room 



210 

214 

212 

205 
209 

206 

201 

313 

215 

221 

213 

312 
306 
310 
314 
319 
319 

113 

Gym. 
Gym. 



Wed. 

Room 



210 
212 
214 
205 

209 

206 

101 
313 

303 
215 

217 
221 
213 

219 
312 
306 
310 
314 
319 

119 

Gym. 

Gym. 



Thurs. 
Room 



210 

214 

212 

205 
209 

206 

201 

313 

215 

221 

213 

312 
306 
310 
314 
319 
319 

113 

Gym. 
Gym. 



12 



Courses of Study 



NORTHWESTERN EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

Boulevard and Grand River Avenues 



Subject 



Business Dept. 

Bookkeeping (Beginning) 

Bookkeeping (Advanced) 

Shorthand (Dictation) 

Shorthand (Beginning) (Gregg) . . 
Shorthand (Beginning) (Gregg) . . 

Typewriting 

Typewriting 

Penmanship and Business English 
Science 

Chemistry 

Household Art Dept. 

Cooking 

Sewing (Plain and Dressmaking) . 

Sewing (Millinery) 

Industrial Dept. 

Mechanical Drawing (Beginning) . 
Mechanical Drawing (Advanced) . 
Architectural Drawing 

Automobile Mechanics 

Mathematics 

Commercial Algebra . . /. 

Business Arithmetic 

' Languages 

French (Beginning) 

French (Beginning) 

Spanish (Beginning) 

Latin (Beginning) 

Music 

Chorus 

Orchestra 



Deposit 



JLOO 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



1.00 



1.00 



1.00 



1.00 



1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 



Hour 



7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 

7-10 

7-9 
7-9 
7-9 



7-9-10 



7-9-10 



7-S 



7-9 
7-9 

7-9 
7-9 
7-9 
7-9 

7-9 

7-9 



Mon. 
Room 



202 

216 

214 

204 

210 

1 

21 
11 



Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

217 



101 



121 
103 



210 



Tues. 
Room 



202 

212 

204 



217 



101 



210 



Wed. 
Room 



202 

216 

214 

204 

210 

1 

21 
11 



Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

Mo 
Michael 

Bldg. 

Mc- 
Michael 

Bldg. 

217 



101 



121 
103 



210 



Thurs. 
Room 



202 

212 
204 



217 



101 



210 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



13 



SOUTHEASTERN EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 
Fairview and Goethe 







Monday 


Tuesday 


Wednesday 


Thursday 


Subject 


De- 




















posit 


Room 


Sec. 


Room 


Sec. 


Room 


Sec. 


Room 


Sec. 


Business Dept. 




















Bookkeeping (Beginning) 


$1.00 


302 








302 








Bookkeeping (Advanced) 


1.00 






302 








302 




Business English 


1.00 






207 








207 




Dictation 


1.00 






315 








315 




Shorthand (Beginning) (Gregg).. 


1.00 


313 








313 








Shorthand (Beginning) (Gregg).. 


1.00 






313 








313 




Typewriting 


1.00 


211 








211 








Typewriting 


1.00 






211 








211 




Penmanship and Letterwriting . . 


1.00 






210 








210 




Elementary Dept. 




















First-Third Grades : 




202 

208 


1 


208 


2 


202 
208 


1 


208 




Fifth and Sixth Grades 




2 


Citizenship 








202 








202 




Americanization 




















Seventh and Eighth Grades 




206 


1 


206 


2 


206 


1 


206 


2 


English 






I 














English Grammar and Comp 


1.00 


211 








211 








Public Speaking 


1.00 






211 








211 




English (High School) 


1.00 


209 








209 








Household Arts Dept. 




















Cooking 


1.00 






117 








117 




Sewing (Plain and Millinery).. . . 


1.00 






107 








107 




Sewing (Dressmaking) 


1.00 


111 








111 








Industrial Dept. 




















Architectural Drawing 


1.00 


102 








102 








Machine Shop and Shop Math.. . 


5.00 


110 








110 








Mechanical Drawing (Beginning) 


1.00 






102 








102 




(Trade Extension) 




















Mechanical Drawing (Advanced) 


1.00 


102 








102 








(Trade Extension) 




















Mechanical Drawing (Beginning) 


1.00 


114 








114 








(Trade Preparatory) 




















Mechanical Drawing (Advanced) 


1.00 






114 








114 




(Trade Preparatory) 




















Language 




















French (Beginning) 


1.00 


204 








204 








Spanish (Beginning) 


1.00 






204 








204 




Mathematics 




















Commercial Algebra 


1.00 






308 








308 




Business Arithmetic 


1.00 


308 








308 








Music 




Chorus 


1.00 


Aud. 








Aud. 








Orchestra 


1.00 






Aud. 








Aud. 




Physical Education 




















Gymnasium Work (Men) 


$1.00 






Gym. 








Gym. 




Swimming (Men) 


1.00 






Tank 








Tank 




Gymnasium Work (Women) .... 


1.00 


Gym. 








Gym. 








Swimming (Women) 


1.00 


Tank 








Tank 








Science 




















Chemistry 


1.00 






103 








103 





14 



Courses of Study 



WESTERN EVENING HIGH SCHOOL 

Scotten Avenue, Between Porter and Baker Streets 
High School Department 



Subject 



Language 

English I and II 

French (Beginning) 

Spanish (Beginning) 

Science 
Chemistry 

Physical Training 

Physical Training (Women) 

Physical Culture (Men) 

Mathematics 

Algebra (Beginning) 

Algebra (Advanced) 

Arithmetic 

Elementary Dept. 

Fifth and Sixth Grades 

Seventh and Eighth Grades 

Americanization 

Business Dept. 

Bookkeeping (Beginning) 

Bookkeeping (Advanced) 

Shorthand (Beginning) 

Dictation 

Typewriting 

Penmanship, Spelling and Elementary English 
Industrial Dept. 

Mechanical Drawing (Beginning) 

Mechanical Drawing (Advanced) 

Architectural Drawing 

Automobile Construction 

Pattern and Cabinet Making 

Household Arts Dept. 

Cooking 

Sewing 

M illinery 

Music 
Orchestra 

Chorus 



Deposit 


Mon. 


Tues. 


Wed. 




Room 


Room 


Room 


$1.00 


102 




102 


1.00 




102 




1.00 


103 




103 


2.00 


1 




1 


1.00 


Gym. 




Gym. 


1.00 




Gym. 




1.00 


US 




118 


1.00 




US 




1.00 


116 




116 




206 


206 


206 


1.00 


204 


204 


204 




119 


119 


119 


1.00 


117 




117 


1.00 




117 




1.00 


20S 




208 


1.00 




202 




1.00 


Second Fl 


oor Corri 


dor 


1.00 




116 




1.00 




24 




1.00 


24 




24 


1.00 


24 




24 


1.00 




20 




2.00 


14 




14 


1.00 


19 




19 


1.00 


17 




17 


1.00 




17 






Aud- 




Aud- 


1.00 


itorium 


Aud- 


itorium 


1.00 




itorium 





Thurs. 
Room 



102 



Gym. 



118 



206 
204 
119 



117 

202 

116 

24 

20 
17 



Aud- 
itorium 



BISHOP SCHOOL 

English for foreigners, citizenship classes and regular graded element- 
ary work will be offered at the Bishop School. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 15 

TECHNICAL GROUP 

MECHANICAL DRAWING 

Mechanical Drawing is the written language of all builders, whether 
they are machinists, bricklayers, carpenters, plumbers, engineers or archi- 
tects. 

It has been the experience of the teachers of mechanical and archi- 
tectural drawing that evening school students lack the proper knowledge 
of mathematics to fully accomplish the course given in the following out- 
line. A simple test in fractions and decimals is required of all applicants 
for the drawing courses. The classes in drawing are conducted as follows: 
Each division meets two evenings a week; for example, on Monday and 
Wednesday, or Tuesday and Thursday. One evening each week is spent 
in drawing from 7 p. m. to 10 p. m., and the alternate evening is given 
over to the study of the related mathematics and the discussion of draw- 
ing room problems from 7 p. m. to 9 p. m. 

No real mechanical work can be done without the ability to read a 
mechanical drawing. Consequently, all who want to take shop work and 
do not have such knowledge should take the drawing first, or drawing and 
shop work on alternate nights. 

The class work in drawing, as well as in all shop courses, is done 
largely on the individual plan. Each student advances as rapidly as he 
can, making use of all he knows, regardless of where he learned it, and 
is independent of the other members of the class. The following is a 
general statement of what the average student ought to accomplish in a 
given time. A course in any subject covers approximately one evening 
school term of twelve weeks. Classes meet two evenings a week, either 
Monday and Wednesday, or Tuesday and Thursday. 

The courses in drafting have been arranged in short successive steps 
following a regular sequence. A knowledge of each step is necessary for 
advancement to the next. 

These short steps have been grouped for convenience as follows: 

COURSE (1) 
Make working drawings from sketches of machine parts, including pre- 
paratory work to familiarize the Student with tools and standards. 

COURSE (2) 
Read drawings, make sketches, detail drawings, tracings, and blue 
prints; calculate and order stock. 

COURSE (3) 
Make projections of machine parts and lay-outs of ordinary sheet metal 
work. 

COURSE (4) 
Make and read detail and assembly drawings, with bill of material for 
erecting. 

COURSE (5) 
Make a study of screw threads, cams, and gears; figure dimensions for 
spur and bevel gears. 



16 Courses of Study 



COURSE (6) 

Design ordinary machine parts from given dimensions and from cal- 
culations. 

Students of ability having a definite purpose will be given an oppor- 
tunity to do more advanced work along any particular line as soon as 
ready for such work. Some suggested lines of work are sheet metal draft- 
ing, machine detailing, structural steel, architectural drafting, and tool 
designing. 

MATHEMATICS FOR MECHANICAL DRAWING 

On the alternate evenings with the drawing, and paralleling them, are 
the courses in mathematics and discussion of drawing-room problems. 
Part (a) denotes the subject for discussion of drawing-room problems; 
part (b) the topics in mathematics. 

COURSE (1) 

(a) During the first course such topics as the need of mathematics, letter- 

ing, the use and care of instruments, working drawings with end 
view, inking, are discussed and demonstrated. 

(b) The mathematics include the reduction of fractions to decimals; deci- 

mals to fractions; measurement and use of angles; the terms perpen- 
dicular, parallel, horizontal, vertical defined; the use of the equation, 
including a review of fractions and decimals. 

COURSE (2) 

(a) The discussions in this course include the definition of a tangent to 

a circle and the practical method of drawing such a tangent; section 
views and their use, tracing and blue printing; standard bolts and 
conventional methods of representing tapped holes, screw threads, 
rivets. 

(b) The mathematics are a continuation of Course 1 and include evalua- 

tion, its application to formulas; algebraic addition, subtraction, mul- 
tiplication and division, mensuration, areas, and volumes, definition 
of circle, diameter, circumference, radius, arc; the meaning and value 
of 1j" ; simple geometrical constructions. 

COURSE (3) 

(a) Course 3. has to do with an explanation of the terms used in projection, 

plane, perpendicular to plane, intersection of planes, prism, pyramid, 
altitude, properties of cylinder and cone. 

(b) Continuation of mathematics, a study of ratio and proportion is made 

with their application to pulleys, gears, speed. The simple geometric 
constructions used in developments and sheet metal "lay-outs" are 
taught. 

COURSE (4) 

(a) The theory of screw threads is taught, with the terms pitch, lead; and 

various forms of threads defined. 

(b) The mathematics include algebraic squares and square root. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 17 

COURSE (5) 

(a) The discussions here follow such subjects as force, energy, power; 

purpose and types of cams; laws of motion; purpose of gears, dif- 
ferent systems in use, terms used; various forms of bevel gears; 
worm gears. 

(b) The mathematics is a course in elementary trignometry and includes 

a study of the properties of the right triangle, trignometric func- 
tions, logarithms, the use of the slide rule. 

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING 
These courses are designed for practical tradesmen who wish a thor- 
ough understanding of drawing, and also for persons who have had con- 
siderable drawing with but little building experience. In addition to the 
drawing, considerable time is devoted to discussion of building construction. 
The courses must be taken as shown in the following outline, except 
in cases where satisfactory work of like character is presented. 

The classes meet for architectural drawing and mathematics the same 
as in mechanical drawing. 

COURSE A-(l) 

Course (1) is given those students who have had no previous experi- 
ence in drawing. 

The student is taught the use and care of instruments, material, lay- 
out of plates, placing of views, simple form of lettering, etc. 

COURSE A-(2) 

The student is made familiar with the following: 

1. Architectural form of lettering and nomenclature 

2. Correct shape, form, and proportion of exterior and interior mould- 

ing and trim 

3. Building construction 

a. First floor construction 

b. Rough framing 

c. Corner post and partition fastenings 

COURSE A-(3) 
This is a continuation of building construction through such prob- 
lems as: 

1. Sections through first and second floor 

2. Roof and rafter details 

3. Cornice construction 

4. Door and window sections 

5. Stair lay-out and details 

6. Fireplace construction 

COURSE A-(4) 
House planning. Each student is required to make a complete set of 
plans, elevations, and details for a single residence or a two-apartment 
house. Emphasis is placed on the design planning, conveniences and con- 
ventions in connection with the drawing. 



18 



Courses of Study 



COURSE A-(5) 
A study of mechanical perspective is made as applied to building con- 
struction. This is a valuable aid in freehand sketching. A perspective of 
a building from a given set of plans is required from each student. 

MATHEMATICS AND BUILDING DISCUSSION 

All students, for the first year, will be required to pursue a course in 
mathematics along with their drawing. 

The mathematics covered will include: 

COURSE (1) 
Paralleling drawing, Course (1) and (2), will be given on alternate 
nights, one hour of mathematics and one hour of building discussion. 

(a) The mathematics covered will include a review of fractions and deci- 

mals, interest, percentage, roots and powers, mensuration, simple 
equations, valuation of formulas, ratio and proportion, levers and 
simple machines. 

(b) The discussion will include such topics as selection of a lot for build- 

ing purpose, transfer of ownership, staking out, footings and founda- 
tion walls, framing construction, roof and rafter construction, roof 
and wall coverings, stairways, and interior finish. 

COURSE (2) 
Paralleling drawing, Courses (3) and (4), will be given on alternate 
nights, one hour of mathematics and one hour of contracts and general 
specifications. 

(a) The mathematics to include builders' geometry, angular measurements, 

strength of simple wood beams, joists and strength of materials in 
so far as the solution may be made by simple algebraic expressions. 

(b) Contracts and general specifications. A study of the various standard 

forms, types arid divisions of contracts and specifications will be made. 
A complete set of specifications for a single residence, not to exceed 
a given sum, will be drawn up by each student. 

COURSE (3) 
Estimating. Upon the completion of the foregoing courses, a student 
will be given practice in estimating quantities of material, cost of labor, 
short cuts, standard forms and systems. 



GASOLINE AUTOMOBILE 

Its Construction, Care and Maintenance 

The primary purpose of this course is to give the driver or owner of a 
gasoline automobile some knowledge of its construction, care and repair. 
By means of pictures, diagrams, charts, demonstrations, tearing down and 
assembling, a study of the power plant, the clutch and change speed gear- 
ing, the transmission, the rear axle, and the controlling elements. Such 
topics as the following are taken up: 

Two and four cylinder motors; the various parts and uses of the gaso- 
line motor; fuels, carburetion, carbureters and their action; ignition sys- 



Detroit Evening High Schools 19 

terns, batteries, dynamos and magnetos, low and high tension ignition sys- 
tems; adjusting and cleaning of spark plugs; lubrication, its source and 
conveyance; systems of cooling, air and water; the clutch, friction and 
sliding gear; the rear axle, methods of drive to rear wheels, the differential; 
and starting devices. Some of the more common troubles will be discussed, 
together with the means of detecting where the trouble lies, and the 
remedy. 

MACHINE SHOP 

(Cass Technical and Central High Schools) 

The machine shop courses should be taken only by those who have had 
some previous mechanical work and who have learned to read a mechanical 
drawing. The tools used in metal work are much more difficult to handle 
than those for wood working; consequently, but little practice in reading 
drawings is obtained in the machine shop, but a great deal of attention is 
paid to the cutting tools and the machine on which they are used. The 
course consists of the following work: 

Bench, lathe, planer, shaper, milling-machine, drill press and grinding; 
and, as stated above, special attention is paid to the principles of the vari- 
ous machines, figuring gears for thread cutting, etc., sizes of pulleys, grind- 
ing of tools, laying out and setting up work, etc. Adjustments can often 
be made to meet the special requirements of the classes. 

The object of the machine shop course is to give special attention to 
those necessary branches of work which are not easily learned in the shop, 
and to give the machine hand a better knowledge of other machines and 
their relation to his work. 

The class will meet in the machine shop one evening each week, from 
7 to 10 o'clock. On one other evening each week, the machine shop class 
will meet in the recitation room from 7 to 9 o'clock and study general 
machine shop problems, shop mathematics, etc. Classes will be graded, as 
far as possible, so that the beginner and the advanced student will be in 
separate divisions. 

SHOP MATHEMATICS 

This course includes work in mathematics, such as fractions, decimals, 
proportion, square root, elementary algebra and trigonometry. If the 
student is not able to do the ordinary shop mathematics, this course should 
be taken from the beginning, and should alternate with mechanical draw- 
ing until he is able to use fractions, decimals, proportion, etc., quickly and 
accurately. The rate of progress in this course, as in all others, depends 
entirely on the student. Students who understand fractions should be able 
to do all ordinary shop problems in one term. The progress of those who 
do not understand fractions and decimals will depend upon the time they 
devote to study. 



20 Courses of Study 



SPECIAL SHOP OR APPLIED MATHEMATICS COURSE 

(Two Years' Course in Shop Mathematics) 
This course presupposes the equivalent of an eighth grade education and 
will take about two nights a week for twenty weeks each year. 

FIRST YEAR 

1. Review fractions and decimals 

2. Square root 

3. Pythargorean theorem 

4. Mensuration. 

(a) Plain Figures: 

Rectangle, triangle, parallelogram, hexagon, circle. 

(b) Solids: 

Rectangular, cylinder, sphere, hexagonal prism, cone. 

5. Weights of castings and bar stock 

6. Spur gears: 

Figuring size of blanks, number of teeth, and diametral pitch. 

7. Simple equation and evaluation of formulae 

8. Cutting speeds and feeds 

9. Angles and angular measurements 

10. Triangulation and use of tables of functions 

SECOND YEAR 

1. Review triangulation 

2. Logarithms 

3. Slide rule 

4. Levers and simple mechanisms 

5. Pulley speeds, length of belts 

6. Plotting and reading of curves 

7. Bevel, spiral' and worm gear calculations 

8. Strength of materials: 

Making calculations for strength and proportions of some* ma- 
chines, such as engine or lathe. 

NOTE: The use of an engineer's hand book and slide rule will 
be necessary for this work. 

9. Talks on power distribution, electricity (as motive power in shops), 

elementary metallurgy. 

Additional Courses Given at Cass Technical High School 

Extensive provisions have been made to offer all the subjects in the 
technical group at the Cass Technical High School. However, many of 
the more specialized courses are offered at the Cass Technical High only 
where the facilities and number of students make such courses advisable. 

The following courses are given only at the Cass Technical High 
School, Grand River and High, and the Cass Technical Evening High 
School Annex. 

In order to provide for the increasing demand for instruction in 
machine shop practice and other shop subjects, the Board of Education 
has erected a one-story building covering an entire block, bounded by 
Jones Street, Third Avenue, Beech Street and Second Avenue. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 21 

Beginning September, 1919, the following courses will be offered at the 
Annex: Machine shop practice, auto mechanics and repair, auto garage 
and service work, gas engine testing, vulcanizing and tire repair, auto body 
drafting, sheet metal drafting for building trades, foundry practice, electro- 
plating, house wiring, factory wiring, electric motor repair, storage bat- 
teries and acetylene welding. 

FORGE WORK 

Few mechanics know the value of even a small amount of forge work.' 
The shopman who is to be an all around machinist must know something 
about the manner of working hot metal and the effect of heat on the various 
kinds of iron and steel. 

The course offered in the school is planned to give instruction in the 
chief operations of forging, such as drawing out, upsetting, binding, twist- 
ing, forming and welding. This necessitates, of course, the building and 
care of fires and the use of the various tools. 

The proper use of the hammer is an art seldom acquired in the shop 
nowadays, when so little vise work is done. Forge work furnishes the 
best opportunity to learn this use. 

After the fundamental operation^ have been learned, a further study 
of what may be called heat treatment of steels is made. This consists 
of the various methods of hardening, tempering, as in oil, air, water, etc., 
softening or annealing. 

Such a course would be valuable to any one who uses tools. 

In one term, working two nights per week, the average mechanic should 
be able to dress, harden and temper his own tools and to do fairly well 
any of the usual forge operations stated above. 

SHEET METAL WORK 

A special course in sheet metal work is given at Cass Technical High 
School. This course consists of mechanical drawing and the laying out of 
sheet metal problems. Special attention is given to the fundamental prin- 
ciples underlying correct lay-outs. 

The work in sheet metal drawing must be preceded by Courses (1) 
and (2) in mechanical drawing. 

COURSE S-(l) 
Parallel line forms, pipes, elbows, cornices, face and return miters, 
skylight bars, intersections, etc., etc. 
Regular tapering forms. 
Principles af sweeping. Varied problems. 

COURSE S-(2) 
Triangulation of irregular shapes, ventilators, transition pieces, offsets, 
etc. 

Problems in light gauge and heavy gauge metals. 

COURSE S-(3) 
Body drafting, hoods, mud guards, etc. Must be preceded by Courses 
(1) and (2). Course (1) in mechanical drawing should precede the work 
in sheet metal work. 



Courses of Study 



The school has a good metal equipment, which will be used to supple- 
ment the class work when sufficient room can be obtained to house the 
equipment. 

COURSE IN TOOL DESIGNING 

The immense amount of manufacturing now being carried on in 
Detroit has brought about a demand for men skilled in tool making and 
tool design. Good tool designers are well paid and are always in demand. 
In order to be a successful tool designer, a man must first be a good 
mechanic, must thoroughly understand the manufacture and use of tools 
of all kinds, must be thoroughly versed in mathematics and must possess 
considerable ingenuity. 

Students desiring to take the course in tool designing must have had 
at least two years actual machine shop experience and at least one year 
mechanical drawing. They should understand the fundamentals of arithmetic 
mechanical drawing. He should understand the fundamentals of arith- 

The course consists, of the study of mathematics, lectures, and design 
work on the drafting board. From time to time students are asked to 
investigate certain subjects and report to the class. Machinery's Hand- 
book is used as a reference text. 

The study in mathematics will include review of arithmetic calculation 
of areas and volumes, ratio and proportion, weights and measures, leverage 
and screws, belts and pulleys, use of formulae, square root, horsepower of 
belting and machines, logarithms, solution of equations, solution of tri- 
angles, pneumatics, hydraulic and strength of materials. 

Lecture and design work will cover composition of iron and steel, 
steel alloys, hardening and tempering, cutting tools, heat treatment of 
metals, furnaces and pyrometers. Quenching baths and mediums, cold 
rolling, punches and dies, drop forging, abrasives, cams and cam design, 
jigs, and fixtures, instruments of precision, bearing and lubrication, gear 
design. 

BLUE PRINT READING 

This course will deal entirely with the interpretation of mechanical 
working drawings and will not include architectural or structural prints. 

It is designed for production workers, machinists, inspectors, cost 
clerks, and especially for those who intend entering the machine shop or 
factory from the non-essential employments. 

The course will consist of 20 lessons of about ten weeks' work, and 
will be developed by means of free hand sketching, lectures and stereop- 
ticon. The definition of shop terms used on prints and the description of 
shop processes, machines and tools will be features of this course. 

WOOD WORKING 

(Bench Work and Wood Turning) 
This course is designed for a four-fold purpose: 

First: — To teach the elements of mechanical drawing so that students 
may be able to interpret readily the blue prints used in shops. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 23 

Second: — To teach the selection, care, and use of the ordinary bench 
tools, including the, measuring, laying out, cutting, and miscellaneous tools. 
A few typical joints are constructed. 

Third: — To teach the use of the band saw, giving special attention to 
safety precautions. 

Fourth: — To give to those who plan to enter the pattern making course 
a knowledge of wood turning, including the various cuts and processes in- 
volved in spindle, face plate, and chuck turning. 

After finishing this course, a student may enter either the cabinet 
making or the pattern making class. There is also a third option, the 
advanced wood turning class, in which a number of useful and ornamental 
articles, including pin trays, nut dishes, candle sticks, and lamps, may be 
turned, using various hardwoods such as walnut, maple, oak, and mahogany. 

CABINET MAKING 

Before taking this course, a student should have had the course in 
bench work outlined above or equal preparation in order to be able to use 
the ordinary wood working hand tools without difficulty. 

In this course, one first selects any piece of furniture, within his ability 
to construct. Then comes drawing the piece and deciding upon the dimen- 
sions, unless a blue print is being used; listing the parts and making out 
a stock order; laying out, cutting and assembling the parts, and finally 
applying suitable finishing materials. 

The stock, planed to size, may be purchased at cost from the school 
mill. All furniture may be taken home as soon as finished. 

PATTERN MAKING COURSE 

This course is designed primarily for pattern making apprentices to 
enable them to acquire a more thorough knowledge of the fundamentals 
of wood pattern making than they are usually able to get during the first 
years of their apprenticeship. It is open, however, to any others who 
desire a knowledge of this important branch of the machine trade. 

In addition to the making* of patterns, the course includes a study of 
the related work of the drafting room, foundry and machine shop, together 
with a study of the materials and appliances used in the pattern shop. 
After a few months, a student should be able to read a blue print quickly 
and accurately, to plan and construct a pattern, to run a mold from it, and 
to make a plaster of Paris casting. 

Among the types of patterns constructed are solid, split, built up, and 
loose-piece patterns, and patterns involving the use of green sand cores, 
and horizontal and vertical dry sand cores, together with the construction 
of suitable core boxes for the same. 

For the more advanced students, there are ornamental patterns, skele- 
ton patterns and pattern sweeps. The advanced students have the use of a 
large pattern maker's lathe, pointer, planer, saw table, sander and a trim- 
mer, in addition to the benches, lathes, and band saw used in the elemen- 
tary work. 



24 Courses of Study 



PRINTING 

The following course is open to those who are engaged in the printing 
trade. The subjects will be given so as to fit in with and to supplement 
the daily work of those who enroll. Much of the work will not be class 
work, but the group plan will be largely followed. Individual instruction, 
as the need arises, will care for particular cases. 

Print shop work on Monday and Wednesday evenings; technical trade 
information on Tuesday and Thursday evenings. Hours from 7 p. m. to 
9 p. m. 

PRACTICAL ENGLISH FOR PRINTERS 

1. Technical spelling 

2. Giving instructions to others in writing 

3. Specification writing; contracts; bids 

4. Copy holding; voice production 

5. Proofreading; standards, and personal preferences 



TRADE ARITHMETIC 

1. Point system. Type high 

2. Em measurements; basis 

3. Inch measurements 

4. Paper stock; sizes, weights, margins, cutting, estimating 

5. Time tickets 

6. Job estimates; elements of an estimate; conditions, time, stock, 

machinery 

7. Book and catalog work 

TRADE TECHNIC 

Composition: The case; spacing; justifying; lining up; short measure; 
commercial forms of many varieties; designing for customers; lay-outs. 

Imposition and Lock-up: Single forms; forms two-on, and three-on; 
mixed forms; forms for two-color jobs; cross rule forms; forms for fold- 
ing, hand or machine. 

Job Press Work: The Golding press, the Chandler & Price press, the 
John Thompson press. Construction and operation; work in simple and 
register jobs; feeding and make-ready. 

PRINTING DESIGN 
This course includes: Space relations, perspective, free-hand draw- 
ing, lettering and color design. 

TAILORING DESIGN 

(Eastern Evening High School) 

The course in tailoring design is a strictly tailoring course for men. 
The work covers the subject of designing and grading of men's patterns. 
Sack coats, frock coats, overcoats, vests and trousers are designed, pat- 
terns made and the garments completed. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



SCIENCE GROUP 

CHEMISTRY 
Courses (1) and (2) 
Lecture, Recitation, and Chemical Mathematics 

This course gives the fundamentals of general inorganic chemistry, 
which are required in the study of analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, 
chemical, electrical, and mechanical engineering, metallurgy, medicine, 
pharmacy, or general knowledge of chemistry. It is accepted for university 
entrance credit. 

A study of chemical nomenclature, valence, and equations of acids, 
bases, and salts; neutralization, hydrolysis, and ionization; and a discus- 
sion, explanation, and application of the laws of chemistry, which form the 
basis for explaining all chemical action, are included. 

Next, the elements and their important compounds are classified. The 
processes for procuring the free elements from their native sources, tech- 
nical methods for preparing the compounds from raw materials, their char- 
acteristic action and the industrial application, are developed. 

The study of chemical arithmetic is an important portion of the course. 
A mathematical explanation is the only means of coming to a true under- 
standing of the many simple chemical laws. 

Laboratory work is required supplementary to the recitation and lec- 
tures. The work follows the natural lines of investigation, developing a 
knowledge of the chemical reaction and its interpretation. Emphasis is 
put on skill in laboratory manipulation or technic. 

This class meets three evenings a week, from 7:00 to 10:00, one hour 
being given to recitation and the two hours to laboratory. 

CHEMISTRY (3) AND (4), QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 

This course is for those having had one year of high school chemistry 
or Courses (1) and (2). 

Qualitative analysis begins with the study of the reactions of the basic 
and acid elements and their compounds with different reagents. This is 
followed by the practical application of the knowledge gained in the analysis 
of unknown substances in solution, and solids in the form of mixtures — 
alloys and ores. 

Credit is given for this course in pharmacy. It follows Course (1) in 
the study of the various advanced courses mentioned under Chemistry (1). 

The class meets three evenings a week, from 7 to 10 o'clock. 

PHARMACY 

(Cass Technical High School Only) 

The following course extends over four years if taken only at nights. 

Classes which meet three afternoons and three nights a week allow the 

course to be finished in two years. The course prepares a person to take 

the State Board Examination upon its completion. 

Any young man* or woman wishing to prepare for a good business or 
profession has an excellent opportunity. 

1. a. Chemistry, general inorganic. (See Courses (1) and (2). Chem- 
istry.) 



20 Courses of Study 



1. b. Manufacture and technic (manufacture of pharmaceutical prep- 

arations, according o the National Pharmacopea and National 
Formulary, and a development of pharmaceutical technic.) 

2. a. Chemistry, qualitative. (See Courses (3) and (4), Chemistry.) 
2. b. Pharmacognosy — Lecture and recitation. 

2. c. Pharmacy practice — Lecture and recitation. 
All courses, 7 to 10 p. m., three nights. 

NURSES' AND HOUSEHOLD CHEMISTRY 

(Cass Technical High School only) 

The past few years numerous calls have been made for a special course 
for young women who desire to enter the profession of nursing, and of 
women who desire to know something of household chemistry. Accord- 
ing, last year, a special course to nurses was given. 

This year a course, open to nurses and women who are interested in 
scientific knowledge of life and its management, is given. 

The fundamental principles of chemistry, developing a knowledge of 
chemical nomenclature, chemical laws, and equations are mastered. The 
source, characteristics, and use of the more common inorganic acids, alka- 
lies, and salts are taken. 

Soaps, cleaning agents, and scouring powders are studied from the 
standpoint of cost of manufacture and of their utility. 

This is followed by a study of the carbon compounds. The organic 
groups are defined and studied. This includes compounds of hydrocar- 
bons and their derivatives, from which the many synthetic dyes, blueings, 
perfumes, flavors, and medicines are made; the carbohydrates, fats, and 
proteins, upon a knowledge of which the scientific arrangement of diet 
and a study of foods depends; and the nature of enzymes, which are arous- 
ing much interest in their effect upon the health of the body, make this 
course of especial interest to nurses, teachers, and head of households. 

Laboratory practice accompanies all work in this course. 

COURSES IN ELECTRICITY 

(Cass Technical High School only) 
The course in electricity is designed to meet the needs both of the 
beginner and the student who has already mastered the fundamentals. The 
work is equally divided between the study of direct and alternating current 
systems, each of which is in turn subdivided as follows: 
Direct currents: 

Elementary ideas, 
- Machines. 
Alternating currens: 

Single and polyphase circuits, 
Single and polyphase machines. 
Each half of this course requires approximately 100 hours of labora- 
tory work and 70 hours each of recitation and mathematics. The whole 
course can be completed in two years by those who are regular in attend- 
ance. No student may enroll who has not completed the equivalent of 
eighth grade preparation, 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



Due to the popularity of this course, preference is given to those appli- 
cants who have a working knowledge of algebra, but classes will be organ- 
ized to meet entrance requirements. 

The laboratories are well equipped with special apparatus for demon- 
strations; and with meters, rheostats, machines, switchboards, etc., for the 
individual use of the student. 

The elementary D-C work is arranged to acquaint the beginner with 
a working knowledge of meters and other apparatus. Current, voltage, and 
power relations are discussed first for simple and later for complex cir- 
cuits. Ohm's Law furnishes the working basis for this work, which is fol- 
lowed by a study of the magnetic circuit as a preparation for machine 
considerations. 

The D-C machine work begins with a study of the generator. Each 
type is carefully discussed and their various operating characteristics deter- 
mined by the student in the laboratory. Motors are next treated in like 
manner. Emphasis is laid on commercial methods of installation, control 
and "trouble shooting." Machine efficiencies are determined by various 
shop and laboratory methods, and the course concludes with such final 
laboratory jobs as the parallel operation of inter-pole machines, and the 
operation pi boosters. 

The D-C course is now followed by the study of alternating current 
machinery — transformers and rotating apparatus — and the peculiar condi- 
tions existing in circuits which supply current for power and lighting loads 
of this type. Ohm's Law for the A-C circuit is carefully developed and 
its numerous applications to practice discussed in the recitation by aid of 
problems, and investigated in the laboratory through experiment. 

In this connection the topics of capacity and ind.uctance are thoroughly 
defined, together with their important effects in A-C circuits. Calculations 
and experiments to determine voltage, current, and power relations in 
single and polyphase circuits concludes the all-important work preliminary 
to the study of machines. 

The construction, winding, and operation of alternating current gen- 
erators, motors, and transformers is discussed in detail, particular stress 
being laid on the operating characteristics of the various types of each. 
At the completion of this work the student should be able to handle intelli- 
gently the complete electrical lay-out of a manufacturing plant. This in- 
cludes the consideration of generator capacity; efficient generating, dis- 
tributing and operating voltages; selection of the best adapted generator, 
transformer, and motor units; and the installation, wiring, and successful 
operation of the system as a whole. Proficiency in the operation of elec- 
trical machines can only be obtained by actual experience, and to this end 
a great many practical machine tests are required in the laboratory. They 
include: Voltage regulation, synchronizing and parallel operation of A-C 
generators; speed-load and starting torque characteristics of induction 
motors (squirrel cage and wound rotor), and synchronous motors; efficiency 
and temperature tests on motors, generators, and transformers. 

In order that the above A-C course may be completed in one year, 
only those students will be enrolled who have satisfactorily completed a 
course in algebra through quadratic equations. 



28 Courses of Study 



COMMERCIAL GROUP 

Commercial courses are offered in all of the evening high schools. 
This gives an unusual opportunity for students who wish to prepare them- 
selves for business and, at the same time, to secure high school credits 
which may be used toward obtaining a regular high school diploma if it 
is desired. 

The course includes Commercial Law, Salesmanship, Elementary and 
Advanced Bookkeeping, Cost Accounting, Shorthand, Typewriting, Busi- 
ness English, Business Arithmetic, Penmanship and other business subjects 
for which there is sufficient demand to warrant the organizing of a class. 

The following suggestive outlines of the various subjects offered will 

give an idea of the ground covered. It will be noted that an attempt is 

made to minimize the non-essentials and to emphasize the practical points 

of business. 

/ 

COMMERCIAL ENGLISH 

Classes in Commercial English meet two evenings a week and each 
recitation is two hours in length. The aim of the course is to develop 
the ability to produce good business letters and other business literature. 
With this end in view, such review of the fundamentals of English gram- 
mar is given as the individuals composing the class may need. This is 
followed by a careful study of the best business literature. Part of each 
evening is devoted to examination of business letters, etc., explanations 
by the instructor, discussions by the teacher and pupils, and practice 
work by the pupils. 

Such time is devoted each evening to penmanship practice as seems 
necessary to enable pupils to quickly present in an attractive and legible 
manner the product of their Commercial English course. 

SHORTHAND 

Course (1). Texts: Gregg Manual, Gregg Speed Studies. The first nine 
lessons in the text are given in this course. Letters from Lessons VII, VIII 
and IX of Gregg Speed Studies to be introduced in this course with Lessons 
VII, VIII and IX of the text. Three evenings for each lesson may be allowed. 
At the end of the course students will have a good foundation in the principles 
of shorthand and will be able to use all word signs in the system, simple phras- 
ing, and a limited word vocabulary. The letters in the Gregg Speed Studies 
give the student practice in reading shorthand notes and taking easy dictation. 

Course (2). Texts: The same as used in Course (1). The remaining 
eleven lessons in the Gregg Manual will be completed, and with each 
lesson the corresponding lesson in the Gregg Speed Studies to Section 
XXI will be given. Two evenings for each lesson may be allowed. This 
course will give the student a complete study of the principles of short- 
hand, and a comprehensive study of abbreviations, simplified word out- 



Detroit Evening High Schools 29 



lining, prefixes, suffixes, and advanced phrasing. This study will give the 
student the ability to read shorthand notes readily and write notes with 
ease and facility. The student will be able to take letters from dictation 
at an approximate speed of 50-69 words per minute. 

Course (3). Texts: Gregg Speed Studies. Dictation of business 
letter. Practice dictation for one hour is given on letters studied in Course 
(2) to increase student's speed. Good business letters are used as new 
matter dictation and as models in the study of attractive arrangement. 
Transcripts are made on the typewriter. This course includes helpful 
suggestions for a stenographer regarding applications, office routine, dis- 
patch of mail, telephone, telegrams, banking, filing, and shipping orders, 
and a general co-ordination of all office work. These courses result in 
sufficient preparation to fit students for office amanuensis work. The 
thorough drill on principles during this course gives a foundation, after 
continued study, that will fit students for high grade positions such as 
government work, private secretary, reporting, etc. 

TYPEWRITING 

Text— Rational Typewriting. Gregg Publishing Co. 
System — Touch. 

Course (1) The course in typewriting is open to all students, whether 
elementary or advanced. 

In the elementary course the student masters the keyboard, by fol- 
lowing the budget work in his text systematically. All satisfactory budgets 
are credited on record cards and filed. At the end of this term the student 
should have finished approximately 10 budgets, and be able to write simple 
sentences at the rate of 15 words a minute. 

The aim in this course is the mastery of the keyboard and the develop- 
ment of accuracy rather than speed. 

Course (2). Satisfactory budgets are credited and filed as in the pre- 
vious course and the student is given word and punctuation drills, practice 
on numerals, and numerous short letters, the arrangement of which is 
especially emphasized. By the end of the term budgets 11 to 20 should be 
completed and an approximate speed of 25 words a minute acquired. 

Course (3). The student is so far advanced that he may be able to 
complete budgets 20 to 30, comprising long letters, addresses, envelopes 
and letter folding, centering, tabulation and long articles. Stress is laid 
upon accuracy, neatness and speed. 

Such a course may easily be covered by the average night school 
student. In some cases, however, the student may progress even more 
rapidly, completing the more advanced work of the text, such as practice 
in manifolding, writing telegrams, postal cards, filing Cards, legal docu- 
ments, building specifications, etc. He is in no way restricted as to the 
amount of work he may do, providing his budget work is satisfactory. 



30 Courses of Study 



BOOKKEEPING 

Text: Miner's Complete Bookkeeping. 

The course in Bookkeeping is divided into three parts: Elementary, 
Advanced and Cost Accounting. 

Course (1). The elementary course consists of preliminary work from 
a text book which is intended to give a student the proper understanding 
of a ledger account, the principles of debit and credit, and the classifica- 
tion of accounts. Following these preliminary exercises, the student works 
up a set of double entry books, consisting of the Purchase Book, Cash 
Book, Sales Book, Journal and Ledger. 

Course (2). The advanced course is for students who have completed 
the elementary course or who, upon entering, have some knowledge of 
bookkeeping. In this course the student writes up a set of books that 
illustrates the accounts to be found in an up-to-date set of books in any 
large office. These books emphasize, in particular, the use of controlling 
accounts, the analysis of accounts, and the drawing up of business and 
financial statements. 

Individual instruction is given to a large extent, and students may 
advance as rapidly as their ability and time permit. About eight weeks 
is necessary to complete the introductory work of the elementary course, 
and about thirteen to fifteen weeks is usually required to complete the 
set of books to be worked up by a student in this course. One who has 
finished the course satisfactorily should be capable of being a good assist- 
ant or might take charge of a small set of books. The advanced course 
will require from eighteen to twenty-six weeks. Upon completion of this 
course the student should have a thorough understanding of the routine 
of bookkeeping and should be able to take full charge of a set of books. 

COST ACCOUNTING 

(Wilkins High School of Commerce) 

This course is designed to give a general* knowledge of the principles 
of cost accounting, and practice in applying those principles by writing 
up a set of books designed for a manufacturing business where cost rec- 
ords are used. It is necessary that students taking up this study should 
have a working knowledge of bookkeeping, either from training or prac- 
tical experience. Special problems in accounting are taken up in so far 
as time permits and students are capable of understanding them. 

The length of time necessary to complete each course varies, depending 
on the ability of the student and the amount of time he can devote to the 
work outside of school hours. 

BUSINESS ARITHMETIC 

Text: Van Tuyl's Complete Business Arithmetic. 

Classes in Business Arithmetic recite two evenings each week, two 
hours per evening. Instruction in this subject is divided into two courses 
as follows: 

Course (l). The beginning course involves a review of the simple 
operations of arithmetic, covering Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, 



Detroit Evening High Schools 31 

Division, Common and Decimal Fractions, and Aliquot Parts as applied 
to Billing, Commercial Discounts and Interest. 

Course (2). The second course goes into the application of Arithmetic 
to the problems of Finance, Banking, Taxation, Insurance, etc. To be 
eligible to this course students must have had Course (1) or its equivalent. 

COMMERCIAL LAW 

(Wilkins High School of Commerce) 

Test : Gano's Commercial Law and Michigan Statutes. 

It is the purpose of this course to give the student a general knowl- 
edge of the most common phases of business law so that he can apply them 
in his every day business undertakings. 

The course is given to meet the demands of the business man, shop 
man, the office man, and covers all points of business law that come up 
in the course of the day's work. 

The course is outlined to cover the following subjects: 

I. Contracts. 

II. Sale of Property. 

(a) Personal. 

(b) Real Estate. 

III. Negotiable Instruments. 

(a) Notes. 

(b) Bills of Exchange. 

1. Domestic. 

2. Foreign. 

IV. Agency. 

V. Bailment. 

VI. Ownership. 

(a) Partnership. 

(b) Co-operation. 

(c) Corporation. 

Citations of cases giving the holdings of different states are used 
throughout the course; special attention being given to the holdings of 
the Michigan courts. 

COMMERCIAL LAW AND BUSINESS CREDITS 
(Central Evening High School) 

Text: Gano's Commercial Law. 

This course is designed for people connected with Credit Departments 
of Commercial Houses and prospective law students. 

One night a week is devoted to the study of commercial paper, essen- 
tials of contract, and transfer of title to property, etc. 

One night is combined text-book and lecture course. The lecturers 
are business men of the city, selected by the Detroit Credit-men's Asso- 
ciation. The topics are numerous, covering wholesale and retail credits; 
foreign and domestic credits, bankruptcy and kindred subjects. 



32 Courses of Study 



SALESMANSHIP 

(Wilkins High School of Commerce) 

Text: "Salesmanship," b}^ Hoover. Discussions and lectures by suc- 
cessful salesmen. 

This subject has a very important place in the course of study. It 
was in Detroit that the idea originated that resulted in the World's Sales- 
manship Congress. The various papers and discussions presented at this 
Congress and the one that followed it, proved so very helpful and prac- 
tical that Salesmanship clubs have been organized in all the larger cities 
for the study of problems in selling. 

The course includes such suggestive topics as the following: 

I. Salesmanship. 

(a) An attempt is made to acquaint the student with the broad 
idea of Salesmanship. 

(b) The "Service Theory" is presented and discussed. The 
'Principles of Psychology which enter into Salesmanship 

are explained and studied under such headings as: 

(1) Attention.- 1. Voluntary. 

2. Involuntary. 

(2) Interest. 1. Direct. 

2. Indirect. 

(3) Desire. 

(4) Determination or decision. 

(5) Action. 

(d) Kinds of Salesmanship 

1. Wholesale. 3. Agency 

2. Retail. 4. Canvassing 

(e) The Factors in a sale. 

(1) The salesman. 

(2) The buyer. 

(3) The subject of the sale. 

(4) The process of the sale. 

II. The Salesman. 

(a) His personal appearance. 

(b) His attitude. 

(c) His health. 

(d) His education. 

(e) His preparation for selling. 

III. The Customer. 

(a) Kinds recognized by psychologists. 

1. The vital. 

2. The motive. 

3. The mental. 






Detroit Evening High Schools 33 

(b) Characteristics of these types of customers. 

(1) The cautious buyer. 

(2) The argumentive buyer. 

(3) The procrastinating buyer. 

(4) The indifferent buyer. 

(5) The prejudiced buyer. 

(6) The imaginative buyer. 

IV. The subject of the sale. 

(a) Subjects for selling demonstrations should be assigned and 
students should study carefully every detail in regard to the 
goods, including: 

(1) The raw material used in manufacturing. 

(2) The process of manufacture. 

(3) The ranges in sizes, qualities, colors and prices. 

(4) The guarantee on the goods. 

(5) Present tendencies in the use of the goods, etc. 

V. The process of the sale. 

(a) The pre-approach. 

(b) The approach. 

(c) Greeting the prospect. 

(d) Keeping control of the interview. 

(e) Keeping prospect interested. 
( f) Avoid talking too much, 
(g) Avoid negative suggestions, 
(h) Answering objections. 

(i) The psychological moment for closing, 
(j) The close of the. sale. 



34 



Courses of Study 



ACADEMIC DEPARTMENT 

The course of study in the academic work is planned to meet the 
requirements both of students who wish to take special work in cer- 
tain lines, and of those who wish to complete their regular high school 
work. A student of the latter class who does passing work of the grade 
required in the day school will, on completion of a course in the Evening 
High School, receive from the teacher in charge a credit slip entitling him 
to receive credit for the work in the day school. As the Central Evening 
High School is on the approved list of the University of Michigan, students 
who make good records in this school may enter the University on recom- 
mendation. 



LANGUAGE GROUP 

ENGLISH 

The purpose of the English courses in the Evening Schools is to give 
instruction in grammar, composition, and literature in the most practical 
and concise form possible. To this end an effort is made to combine the 
three elements in each lesson by giving one-half of the period to the tech- 
nical study and composition, the other to literature. 

Each course covers twelve weeks, or twenty-four lesson periods of two 
hours each. 

COURSE (1) 
(a) Technical Study — Sentences: Elements of; kinds; structure; rhetorical 

forms punctuation of. Clause: Kinds; uses of; punctuation of. 

Phrases: Kinds of. Rules for capital letters. Fundamental law of 

punctuation. Spelling and word study, 
ib) Composition — The sentence, with its punctuation in all forms and uses. 
(c) Literary Study — Greek and Roman legends and myths. "Stories from 

the Iliad," "Julius Caesar." 

COURSE (2) 

(a) Technical Study — Paragraph: Structure of; unity in; topic sentence, 
conclusion sentences; transition sentences. 

(b) Letter Writing — Social and business forms. 

(c) Literary Study — Formation of the English language. Stories from the 
Anglo-Saxon: "Beowulf," "Tales of King Arthur," "Proverbs of King 
Alfred." 

COURSE (3) 

(a) Technical Study — Irregular verb forms. Special uses of words. Descrip- 
tion: Concrete and abstract forms of. Destructive and constructive 
writing;. 

(b) Composition — Book reviews; dramatic notices; reports on speeches; 
editorials, new articles. 

(c) Literary Study — "Tatler," "Spectator," "Rambler," "De Coverly Papers," 
modern magazines. 

COURSE (4) 
u) Technical Study — Forms of prose. Forms of poetry. Versification. 
Types of novels. Structure and types of drama. Figures of speech 
(reviewed). 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



Cb) Composition — Character sketches. Comparisons. Description and 
narration based on reading. 

(c) Literary Study — Biography: Johnson's "Lives of the Poets." Novel, 
"Ivanhoe." Poetry: Didactic — Pope's "Essay on Man." Satire — 
Moore's "Fudge Family in Paris." Descriptive: Goldsmith's "Deserted 
Village." Pastoral: Pope's "Pastorals." Lyrics — ballad: Longfellow's 
"Skeleton in Armor. Song from Moore or Burns. Ode: Lowell's 
"Commemoration Ode." Elegy: "Gray's Elegy." Sonnet — from Mil- 
ton to Shakespeare. Epic — metrical romance: Scott's "Lady of the 
Lake." Metrical tale: Byron's "Prisoner of Chillon." Mock epic: 
Pope's "Rape of the Lock." 

COURSE (5) 

(a) Technical Study — Exposition. Forms of; paragraph, types of. Argu- 
mentation. Direct and indirect; deductive and inductive. Review of 
grammar and punctuation. 

(b) Composition — Paragraphs by definition, contrast, obverse, detail, ex- 
ample, cause and effect. Argumentation, in simple forms. 

.(c) Literary Study — Selections from great American speeches. Lincoln, 
Webster, and others: Learn: Gettysburg Address. Selections from 
work studied. 

COURSE (6) 

(a) Technical Study — Literary forms. The Essay: Personal and didactic; 
form, subject matter, author's purpose and mental viewpoint. The 
Oration: Parts of — exordium., divisions of subject, statement of pur- 
pose, arguments and facts, appeal. The Novel: Realistic and roman- 
tic; structure and literary value. The Drama: Structure and logical 
divisions; history of; modern plays and playwrights. 

(b) Composition — Ten themes, illustrating literary forms. 

(c) Literary Study — Essay: Palmer's "Self Cultivation," Macaulay's 
"Johnson," or Emerson's "Compensation." Oration: Lincoln's "First" 
and "Second Inaugurals" — compare with Wilson's speeches on "Declar- 
ation of War," and "Fourteen Points for Peace." Novel: Careful 
study of "Silas Marner." Drama: Technical study of "Macbeth." 

COURSE (7) 
ia) Technical Study — Literary form reviewed. Description — personal, de- 
tails of landscape, building, color in landscape, mood, sound, taste, touch. 
Exposition — six forms of expository paragraphs; narration related to 
description, exposition and figures of speech. Argumentation: Deduc- 
tive reasoning — the syllogism. Inductive reasoning — sign, example, 
cause and result. 

(b) Composition — Review of technical points, study of the brief; aim — 
letter perfect themes. 

(c) Literary Study — Models from standard authors illustrating forms 
studied. 

COURSE (8) 
(a) Technical Study — General review of all literary forms, with special 
attention to the masterpieces read. 



36 



Courses of Study 



(b) Composition — Careful study of the brief, debate, essay, and oration. 
"Letter perfect" theme for each. 

(c) Literary Study — Essay: Carlyle's "Essay on Burns." Argument: 
"Burke's Conciliation." Poetry: Milton's "Minor Poems." Drama: 
"Hamlet." 

NOTE: In all courses in English, students should be encouraged to 
read as much outside of class as possible. 

LITERATURE 
This course is intended for those who wish to obtain a reading knowl- 
edge of English and American literature, including a general survey of the 
subject. Students who wish to pursue the subject further will find that 
this class work will serve as a foundation for a later course in reading to 
be done by themselves. 

LATIN 

The courses in Latin are of interest to students preparing to study 
medicine, or law. Students preparing to study medicine or surgery will 
find that the four courses outlined below will satisfy the requirements in 
Latin in medical colleges. The first year's work is a study of declensions, 
conjugations, and the more common constructions. Consecutive reading in 
Caesar and prose composition work comprise the second year's work. 

Latin (1) D'Ooge's Latin for Beginners — Lessons I-XXXVI. 

Latin (2) D'Ooge's Latin for Beginners — Lessons XXXVII-LXIII. 

Latin (3) D'Ooge's Latin for Beginners — Lessons LXIV-end. 
Reading— Caesar's Gallic Wars, Book II. 

Latin (4) Caesar's Gallic War, Books III and IV. 

Composition — Nutting's Latin Reader — Lessons I-XX. 

FRENCH 

As a result of the close relationships of the Americans and French, the 
interest in the French language has greatly increased. It is evident that 
the relations of the two peoples in the future will continue to be much 
closer and hence a knowledge of French will be of great value. Students 
interested in French for its literary or artistic value, also, will find the 
instruction opening up to them a great field of entertainment. 

COURSE (1) 
The aim of Course (1) is to train the ear, the tongue, and the eye; the 
ear, to understand simple spoken French; the tongue, to feel the differences 
between French and English sounds, so that the pupil may be able to read 
intelligibly; the eye, to read simple French understandingly. French is, 
therefore, the language of the classroom. Regular attendance is a neces- 
sity. The text used in this course is Meras' Premier Livre. 

COURSE (2) 
The second half of the first year continues the work in grammar and 
in reading, and gives more attention to simple writing. Here, as always, 
the classroom language is French. 

Books used: Grammaire francaise, Bruce. 

La tache du petit Pierre, Mairet. 

Le voyage de M. Perrichon, Labiche et Martin. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



COURSE (3) 
The third course is intended for students who can understand simple 
spoken French and who can read with fair ease. It continues the habit- 
forming, by reading, speaking and by study of grammar. 

COURSE (4) 
Continuation of Course (3). 

SPANISH 

The courses in Spanish are of value to all interested in the study of 
modern foreign languages, but especially to those who expect to do busi- 
ness with the Central, or South American countries, a business bound to 
expand greatly in the near future, partly as a result of conditions brought 
about by the recent war. Many large commercial corporations need special 
correspondents versed in Spanish to look after this business. The courses 
themselves are planned to satisfy college requirements in Spanish and are 
outlined below. 

COURSE (1) 

Introduction to Castilian. 

Text: Worman's New First Spanish Book, supplemented by gram- 
matical annotation, dictation, and verb drill. Poems. 

COURSE (2) 

Beginning the study of formal grammar. 

Simple readings and reviews. Text: De Vitis, Reader. Conversation 
and dictation emphasized. Emphasis is placed on the subjunctive mode. 

COURSE (3) 
Composition — oral and written. Text: Waxman's "A Trip to South 
America"; every third lesson, a theme based on the text. Original compo- 
sitions. Commercal forms. Reports on South Amercan geography and 
commerce. 

COURSE (4) 

Introduction to Spanish literature. 

Study of contemporary masters, preparatory to serious reading later. 
Thorough review of grammar, and irregular verbs committed to memory. 
Tdioms and original themes. 

AMERICAN HISTORY 

The course in American history is intended to explain and interpret the 
present trend of events in terms of the past history of the United States. 
The economic conditions since the Civil War, the great moral questions 
involved in recent political and industrial events, and the problems arising 
from America's participation in the World War will be studied in the light 
of American traditions and political experience. The earlier history of the 
country will be linked up with the present, in order to illuminate the vital 
happenings of our immediate past. 

McLaughlin's History of the American Nation is used as a basis for 
study, supplemented by considerable outside reading. 



38 Courses of Study 



MATHEMATICS 

ALGEBRA 

This subject is given in three courses and requires one and one-half 
years. Each course can usually be covered in one-half year. 

ALGEBRA (1) 
This course discusses positive and negative numbers and drills the 
student in the fundamental processes of addition, subtraction, multiplica- 
tion and division of algebraic numbers. It also teaches him to solve simple 
equations and to use the equation as an instrument for the solution of prob- 
lems. The equation is presented frequently throughout the course and the 
student is trained constantly to see the principles underlying the solution 
of equations. 

ALGEBRA (2) 
This covers factoring and the solution of equations by factoring, high- 
est common factor, lowest common multiple, fractions, fractional equations, 
linear simultaneous equations, and square root. 

ALGEBRA (3) 

This course trains the student in ratio and proportion, in the construc- 
tion of graphs and their use in solving equations, in quadratic equations, 
exponents, radicals, radical equations, and imaginary numbers. 

The courses outlined above are given as presented in Lyman and Dar- 
nell's text, which is the book used, and upon their satisfactory completion 
the student is given credits that are accepted in preparation for college. 

GEOMETRY 

Geometry is" offered to all students who wish a year's course to satisfy 
entrance requirements at college. For all who expect to study engineering 
a knowledge of geometry is essential. The first two courses cover the field 
of plane geometry. The course in solid geometry, Course (3), will be 
offered whenever there are enough students to justify the formation of a 
class. Solid geometry, as well as plane, is required of those wishing to 
take up engineering at the University. 

The courses in geometry should follow Course (2) or Course (3) in 
Algebra. 

COURSE (1) 
This includes Books I and II of Sanders' Elements of Plane and Solid 
Geometry. 

COURSE (2) 
Study is continued in Books III, IV, and V. These two courses cover 
one year's work. 

COURSE (3) 
The study of solid geometry usually takes one-half year. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 39 

TRIGONOMETRY 

Trigonometry is fundamental to any further study of mathematics. It 
is the place where geometry finds its application in a great number of prac- 
tical problems involving measurement. Almost every engineering problem 
involving a computation is based on trigonometry. The study of logarithms, 
which is a part of the course in trigonometry, opens the way to a new 
method of computation that is of the greatest importance. 

The following topics are discussed: (1) angles and their functions; 
(2) tables and their use; (3) the right triangle; (4) logarithms; (5) shop 
problems in trigonometry; (6) the oblique triangle, and (7) problems in 
triangulation. 

ARITHMETIC 

Students enrolling for a course in arithmetic will be given an examina- 
tion to find out what work they are prepared to do, and will then be 
started at such point as their ability will permit. Those preparing for 
definite lines of work, such as are found in office, store, or factory, will 
then be permitted to follow such a course as will best prepare them for the 
particular work in view. Those having no definite aim other than the 
desire for a broader knowledge of arithmetic will pursue a more general 
course. 



40 



Courses of Study 



SCIENCE GROUP 

CHEMISTRY 

COURSE (l) 

This course parallels Course (1) given in the day high school. The 
general aim of this course is to give the fundamentals of elementary inor- 
ganic chemistry, to give the pupils a higher appreciation of chemical and 
physical phenomena, and, at the same time, to make the course so practical 
that it will be a part of the pupil's daily life. While practical application is 
the keynote, sufficient emphasis is laid upon theory to give a broad, firm 
foundation for future work, and to develop a scientific habit of thought. 

This course includes a study of oxygen, hydrogen, water, solutions, 
atomic theory, molecular theory, equations and nomenclature, gas laws, 
nitrogen, the atmosphere, hydrochloric acid, chlorine, dissociations, acids, 
bases and salts, valence, ammonia, refrigeration, nitric acid, and nitrates 
in their relation to life processes. Practical application finds wide use in 
the developing of the above mentioned subjects. 

Since a mathematical explanation is the best means of obtaining a 
thorough knowledge of the many simple chemical laws, a study of chemical 
arithmetic is an important part of the course. 

Laboratory work is required supplementary to the recitations and 
lectures. The work follows the natural line of investigation, developing a 
knowledge of chemical reaction and its interpretation. Emphasis is put 
on skill in laboratory manipulations or technique. 

The class meets two evenings a week; one evening from 7 to 9, and 
the other from 7 to 10. 

COURSE (2) 

This course parallels Course (2) given in the day high school. It is 
a continuation of Course (1), leading to the completion of elementary 
chemistry. 

In this course sulphur and carbon are given a leading place. The value 
of plants in storing 'energy, the value and costs of foods, the distillation 
of coal and petroleum, the composition and use of fertilizers, are among 
the matters of vital importance that are studied. Attention is also paid to 
molecular weights, atomic weights, volumetric relationship to combustible 
gases and the method of determining relative power developed from these 
gases. In connection with the chemistry of sodium, potassium, ammonia, 
calcium, iron, steel, aluminum, copper, lead, and silver, the study of manu- 
facturing processes is taken up in each case, with the production of typical 
compounds, along with commercial relationship. 

Laboratory work is also required supplementary to the recitations and 
lectures. Class meets as in Course (1). 

Students completing these two courses in a satisfactory manner will 
be given one unit of college entrance credit, if desired. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 41 

PHYSICS 

The object of this course is to classify a certain mass of facts which 
all students gain in their everyday experience with things in general. When 
properly classified, they are seen as special instances under a few far-reach- 
ing laws, the relations between which are continually emphasized. An at- 
tempt is made to treat this subject in such a way that students are not 
repelled by any unnecessary prominence of mathematics. 

The subjects treated are mechanics, heat, electricity, sound and light. 
The first hour is used by the students to perform experiments which illus- 
trate and verify the principles of the subject; the second hour is devoted to 
lectures with experiments or to quizzes. 

The course is especially adapted to those students who feel the need 
of it in connection with their work or business. The course will also give 
r, good foundation for the continuance of the subject in college, and is 
accepted for entrance to such advanced schools. 

The books used are Adams' Physics for Secondary Schools and Adams' 
Physical Manual. 



42 Courses of Study 



DOMESTIC SCIENCE AND ART GROUP 

COOKING 

The domestic science course is outlined to teach the manipulation of 
the devices in the kitchen, and to give them a knowledge of food materials, 
and the food principles necessary for a well-nourished body. The work is 
presented in natural sequence, the various subjects of food preparation 
being presented in groups. Following is the general order of work: 

Fall Term: 4 lessons on fruit cookery 

(1) Preservation 

(2) Jellies and jams 

(3) Fresh fruit 

(4) Dried fruit 

6 lessons on cereal cooking and table service 

, 6 lessons on milk and cheese 

6 lessons on eggs and milk 

8 lessons on meat and meat substitutes 

Winter Term: Flour mixtures: 

6 lessons on quick breads and table service 
6 lessons on cakes and cookies 

3 lessons on pastry 

4 lessons on fats and oils 

6 lessons on salads and desserts 
3 lessons on meal preparation 

SEWING 

The course of study in sewing for evening classes is broad in scope 
to meet the varied needs and tastes of students. 

It aims to aid in making young women more efficient homemakers, to 
serve as a preparation for home service, and to give the homekeepers' 
opportunity to increase their knowledge of finer details of sewing. Taste 
and judgment are developed in selection and use of material and trim- 
mings; judgment in selection of design and color combination, and the 
adjustment of commercial patterns to their needs. 

In connection with the work, short talks are given upon the following 
subjects: 

Textiles — Proper selection. 

Color-setting and shrinking. 

Care of clothing. 

Cleaning and renovating used materials. 

ELEMENTARY COURSE 

(1) Care and use of machines. 

(2) Aprons. (Hand or machine.) 

(3) Under garments. 

(4) Simple wash waists and dresses. 
(5,) Household linens. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 43 

ADVANCED COURSE 

(1) Silk and wash waists and dresses. 

(2) Suits. 

(3) Coats. 

(4) Remodeling garments. 

MILLINERY 

The millinery course consists in the manufacture of hats. The pupils 
make their own frames, covering them with the material desired, and trim- 
ming them with flowers or bows which they have made. It is expected 
that each person will make four hats of different design during the session. 



44 Courses of Study 



MUSIC GROUP 

This department includes courses in chorus, orchestra, piano, violin, 
and public school music. 

The purpose of the chorus, orchestra and instrument classes is to 
develop appreciation, which means the capacity to understand, discrim- 
inate, and respond to musical appeal. It is the aid to guide both singers 
and players in the artistic use of their instruments in ensemble work. 
Music is essentially a social subject and its study is complete only in so far 
as it has solved and met community needs. To this end, and also to the 
end that students may gain the self-confidence and poise, that are the 
necessary equipment of all musicians, all students of the music department 
are required to take part in regular monthly concerts for the students of 
the evening school, their friends, and for the community which the school 
serves. The success of the music students, therefore, is measured not only 
by their individual or collective attainments, but also by their influence 
on the growth of community musical appreciation. 

CHORUS 

The chorus work includes class work in vocal drills, sight-singing and 
in the study of standard works from the best composers under competent 
music directors for public performances. 

PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC 

This course is a course in primary methods subject matter and sight- 
singing, also in grammar grade methods subject matter and sight-singing, 
arranged especially to meet the needs of public school teachers wishing 
to pursue the study of school music and part singing. 

ORCHESTRA 

Twenty or more qualified players will form a class in this work under 
the leadership of an orchestra director. All applicants for these courses 
know the technique of their instrument, and must demonstrate such tech- 
nical ability before their applications will be considered. At least one 
year of private study and practice of the technique of the orchestra instru- 
ment is a prerequisite. 

ORCHESTRA (l) 

This includes practice of very easy orchestra music by good writers; 
a discussion of a good combination of instruments to the 16-part full 
orchestra; the nature of the various orchestra parts and their musical idiom; 
primary interpretation in orchestra playing signs and terms. 

ORCHESTRA (2) 

This higher course in orchestra study includes practice of music of a 
grade of the average theater orchestra selections; arrangements of works 
written by standard and classical composers for grand orchestra; proper 
assignments of cues, etc.; resume and extension of the incidental study 
of the orchestra. 

Class and short individual lessons in piano, violin or any other instru- 
ment will be given by graduate instructors, wherever there is a demand 
by twenty or more students for any one instrument. 

These courses are all subject to change by the director in order to 
meet the special needs of the class. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 45 

RECREATIONAL GROUPS 

Physical Training 

MEN 

(a) Exercises preparatory to physical training, getting class arranged in 

in the gymnasium. 

1. Marching — requiring a minimum of effort and a maximum of atten- 
tion. Therefore, simple marching, without complicated commands 
or movements. 

2. Running — for short periods, to stimulate peristaltic action, and 
respiratory and circulatory systems. 

(b) Calisthenics — with or without hand apparatus. 

1. Corrective exercises — designed to counteract the effects of im- 
proper posture and to make possible good posture by securing and 
developing control of the spine, thorax, and scapulae. 

(a) Scapular exercises — involving use of the shoulder and back 
muscles. 

(b) Spinal exercises — involving large groups of back muscles con- 
trolling the spinal column. 

2. Hygienic exercises — designed primarily to affect the organic pro- 
cesses of circulation, digestion, respiration, and secretion, and to 
secure the development of vitality. 

(a) Thigh and leg exercise. 

(b) Trunk bending and twisting. 

(c) Apparatus work — aims mostly hygienic. 

Climbing poles, climbing ropes, ladders placed obliquely, horizontally 

and vertically. 
Buck, horse placed sideways, and placed lengthwise. 
Parallel bars, horizontal bars and rings. Exercises involving for the 

most part momentary support or hang, and based in greater part 

upon natural activities. 

(d) Recreational .work — hygienic, but mostly to supply the psychic needs 

of the individual. 

1. Gymnastic games and plays. 

2. Athletics and athletic games (group plan). 

(a) Winter Term: Regular schedules of contests in broad jump 
relays, running relays, and basket ball games. 

(b) Spring Term: Track and field events. 

3. Swimming and other tank activities. 

• WOMEN 

(a) Exercises preparatory to physical training, getting class arranged in 

the gymnasium. 
1. Marching. 

(b) Calisthenics. 

1. Corrective exercises — designed to counteract the effects of im- 
proper'posture and to make possible good posture by securing and 
developing control of the spine, thorax, and scapulae, 
(a) Scapular exercises — involving use of shoulder and back 
muscles. 



46 Courses of Study 



(b) Involving the large groups of back muscles controlling the 
spinal column. 

(c) Respiratory exercises involving the activity of the thoracic 
muscles. 

2. Hygienic exercises — designed primarily to affect the organic pro- 
cesses of circulation, digestion, respiration and secretion, and to 
secure the development of vitality. 

(a) Thigh and leg exercises — involving the activity of the large 
muscles of the lower limbs and hips. 

(b) Trunk bending and twisting — exercising the great muscular 
masses of abdomen and lower spine. 

(c) Apparatus work — aims mostly hygiene, but also recreational. 

(d) Recreational work — hygienic, but mostly to supply the psychic 
needs of the individual. 

1. Gymnastic games and plays. 

2. Dancing — folk, national, or fancy. 

Swimming 

COURSE (1) 

1. Calisthenic exercises of the swimming strokes. 

(a) Arms. 

(b) Legs. 

(c) Arms and less. 

(d) In time, according to each part of the stroke. 

This manner of procedure is followed for each of the breast, back, side, 
single and double over-arm, trudgeon, and crawl strokes. 

2. In the tank — breast height. 

(a) Ducking and coming up to breathe alternately — two counts. 

(b) Arm practice — breast, side, single over-arm, double over-arm, 
and crawl strokes. 

(c) Leg practice — while holding on to the sides of the tank — frog, 
back, scissor, trudgeon, and crawl strokes. 

3. Breathing practice. 

(a) Inhalation and exhalation (while swimming) at the proper 
time during the breast, back, side, single and double over-arm 
strokes. 

4. Floating with leg push-off. 

5. From swim to float to swim. 

6. The turn at either end of the tank. 

7. Swim two lengths of tank (any stroke) in proper form, correct 
breathing, turn, push-off and float at the end of the tank. 



COURSE (2) 
Camp drill. 

(a) Back swim — hands only. 

(b) Back swim — legs only. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 47 

2. Breast stroke, side stroke, single over-arm and under-arm, double 
under-arm, back stroke, without arm movement, back stroke, legs 
and arms; back stroke, alternating single arms. 

3. Changing from one stroke to another, or more sirokes, without 
a stop. 

4. Retrieving objects of light nature and size by duck, push-off and 
dive. 

5. Swim 50 yards with proper turns. 

COURSE (3) 

1. Diving. 

2. Plunge for distance. 

3. Swimming 100 yards with proper turns. 

4. Life saving methods. 

5. Schaeffer method of resuscitation. 



48 Courses of Study 



ELEMENTARY DEPARTMENT 

Detroit Evening High Schools are organized on the six-six plan, 
The demand for elementary work has become so great within the last two 
years that evening courses in the fifth and sixth grades and a course in 
citizenship have been added to the schedule of every evening high school. 

These are now so completely equipped that they will be able to care 
for any student who applies for admission. 

ENGLISH FOR FOREIGNERS 

Elementary English courses for foreigners will be offered in ten even- 
ing high schools and the Bishop school during the year. Foreigners desir- 
ing to learn English can be accommodated in graduated groups organized to 
meet their needs. It is generally possible to give each individual the exact 
type of work that will enable him to advance most rapidly. 

The Roberts' system, with certain modifications, will be used in this 
work. 

FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADES 

The fifth and sixth grades is the second division of the elementary 
department. 

Here a rigid course in arithmetic, spelling, penmanship and English is 
given to those who were not able to obtain this training in the day school 
or abroad. The class meets four nights each week, from seven to nine, and 
on one night a week, forty minutes is given to a stereopticon lesson in 
geography. Good attendance and satisfactory work for the season entitles 
the student to enter the seventh and eighth grade division. 

SEVENTH AND EIGHTH GRADES 

The purpose of the seventh and eighth grade departments is to give 
to those who, through economic pressure, were forced to leave school before 
graduation, the equivalent of the grammar school course. The work con- 
sists of lessons in English, history, and arithmetic, and extends over a 
period of one hundred nights. The classes meet four nights a week, from 
7 to 9. The seventh grade is finished at Christmas and the eighth grade 
at the end of March. 

This course is organized on the departmental plan and each subject is 
taught by a specialist. The standard of work is equivalent to that given 
in the same grades in the day schools. 

Each evening the session of two hours is divided into three periods of 
forty minutes each; the group is divided into three sections, and, in this 
way, the instructor of each subject meets the three groups each evening. 
This rotation of classes breaks the long session for the student who is tired 
after a day's work. 

The work in English is divided into two distinct parts — reading and 
grammar, two evenings; and composition and spelling, the remaining two. 
In the reading class a great effort is made to develop a fondness for good 
books, as well as to produce efficient readers. Grammar and good clear 
speaking are never absent from the training. In the class in composition, 



Detroit Evening High Schools 49 

great attention is given to punctuation and paragraphing. Letter writing 
for business purposes is valuable exercise and is always interesting to the 
student. Spelling is taught directly as a separate subject frequently and, 
indirectly, in composition, all of the time. In both classes, constant drill 
on words often mispronounced and misused is carried on. For reading, the 
following texts are used: 

Man Without a Country Hale 

Rip Van Winkle Irving 

North America Carpenter 

American Leaders Gordy 

Short Stories for High Schools Plee-Miller 

The Christmas Carol Dickens 

The Cricket on the Hearth Dickens 

Acquainting these students with the landmarks of American history and 
laying the foundation for good citizenship is the province of the instructor 
of history. During the first fifty nights all the time allotted to history is 
devoted to the. development of our country from the beginning down to the 
present day. The second term is devoted to civics and it is here that the 
greater opportunity for preparing men and women, capable of attending 
to their civic duties intelligently, lies. 

Seventh and Eighth Grade Government Manual, Forman's History of 
the United States, and Mace's History are the texts used for this work. 

In arithmetic, the problem is quite different. Many are quick and able 
to advance much more rapidly than others, thus it becomes possible at the 
outset to teach a large number of pupils individually. This lasts only a 
short time, for within a brief period their weaknesses become strengthened, 
and they then advance as a class, varying in abilit)^ from year to year. The 
great object is to make them rapid and yet accurate; thus they are prepared 
for their business needs, as of course all are employed. The content of the 
seventh and eighth grade arithmetic courses as outlined for the day session 
is presented, with Hamilton's School Arithmetic as a basis. 

Upon completion of this work a diploma is awarded, entitling the 
holder to admission to any day or evening high school. 



\ 



50 Courses of Study 



AMERICANIZATION 

The history of Americanization in Detroit and the history of Detroit 
Evening Schools are almost identical; since the evening elementary schools 
are intended primarily for the foreign born, and the very process of edu- 
cating these men and women is designed to adapt them to the American 
language and habits of thought. For long, too, the evening schools were 
the only agency dealing with the Americanization problem in a systematic 
way. 

Detroit has always had a large and constantly growing foreign popu- 
lation. According to the census of 1910, 33 per cent of its people was 
foreign born, and 74 per cent was either foreign born or of foreign par- 
entage. The increase since that time closely approximates 300,000 in num- 
ber, while the percentages mentioned have doubtless increased also. The 
prosperity of the city, the scarcity of labor here, and the attendant high 
wages were the lures that brought the foreigners here, and Detroit's experi- 
ence with the influx was not different from that of other cities. Foreign 
colonies, always existing, grew rapidly, and new colonies took form. These 
presented the usual solid front against Americanizing influences and tended 
to perpetuate the hyphenated class. 

For a long time the danger of this vast undigested element in the popu- 
lation of American cities was not clearly recognized, save by a few far- 
sighted men of affairs, whose warnings went unheeded; but the European 
conflict brought the problem of Americanization to the fore. 

The evening schools have attempted to solve the problem. Schools were 
already established and had long been doing excellent work, but they had 
never gone out aggressively after pupils. They have offered their advan- 
tages only in a negative way to the foreigner, leaving him to discover those 
advantages for himself; and he seldom discovered them. 

Organization of Campaign 

A different and more aggressive policy was now decided upon, and 
accordingly, in the spring of 1915, the Board of Education joined hands 
with the United States Government, the Board of Commerce, and the 
Detroit employers of foreign labor, and set out to bring the foreigner to 
the school and the school to the foreigner on so comprehensive a scale 
that the Detroit plan came to stand as a model for other communities. 
Joint conferences were held, and an Educational Committee was formed 
on the Board of Commerce to direct the campaign. In a word, the com- 
mittee undertook to get every Detroit immigrant into the school. To this 
end every avenue of approach to the foreigner was entered in overwhelming 
force. Handbills, posters, and maps were prepared describing in many lan- 
guages the locations and advantages of the schools. These circulars were 
distributed through every civic agency to all sections and nooks and cran- 
nies of the city where foreigners were likely to be found. Libraries, courts, 
the English and foreign language press, churches, theatres, employment 
agencies, Boy Scouts, women's clubs, and individuals, all lent willing aid. 
But it was in the factories that the most telling work was done, for here 



Detroit Evening High Schools 51 

employers appointed responsible men to take charge of the recruiting and 
to bring pressure to bear upon the foreign employee to get him into school. 
Under the direction of these employers factory enrollments were made and 
attendance at school was checked daily. 

The school authorities took appropriate steps to handle the increased 
attendance resulting from these activities. Many new evening schools were 
made ready; the teaching staff was greatly augmented, a special institute 
was held to train them in the work. The Roberts' system has been adopted 
with some modifications. This is a variation of the so-called "dramatic 
method," and has been found to be the most rapid and effective method of 
imparting the ability to speak the English language. 

Text in Citizenship 

Citizenship, or practical civics, was also stressed, a textbook adapted 
to local conditions being prepared and distributed free to students. The 
common error of trying to go too deeply into the subject was avoided, only 
the vital details of our American Government being taught to the average 
class. By co-operating with the Bureau of Naturalization and the Detroit 
courts it was made possible to prepare the men for naturalization at the 
schools, even to the filling out of the blank forms. Several trips to the 
courts were often saved the applicant, and he was protected against ex- 
ploitation. The work of the Naturalization Bureau was thus decreased 
greatly in individual cases, while the number of applications increased by 
leaps and bounds. 

To keep in touch with this phase of the situation, the Board of Edu- 
cation detailed an attendance officer to the evening school department. 
This officer secured the names of declarants and applicants for citizenship 
from the naturalization authority interviewed them and assigned them to 
the nearest schools. 

The citizenship portion of the evening school activities proved the most 
enduring and popular of all, so that at the close of the regular session of 
one hundred nights, several elementary schools were kept open till June 
to fill the demand for instruction. 

The work of Americanization has been centered in the high schools. 
The war has given a wonderful impetus to the imparting of the American 
spirit to the foreigner and it has at the same time taken the greater part 
of the evening school material into the army, and thence automatically into 
citizenship. It has, therefore, done for the foreigner some of the very 
things the schools exist for, and the school attendance has suffered cor- 
respondingly. 

Classes in Civics 

The results of the earlier Americanization work when so many aliens 
were induced to become "declarants," are now being felt in an increased 
number of petitioners for final papers of citizenship. The petitioners, who 
are usually of a more advanced class than the declarants, must pass an 
examination of more or less severity before the naturalization examiners 
and then before the courts in order to obtain his papers. The vast majority 
of the petitioners find this examination a formidible obstacle to success. To 



52 Courses of JSjudy 



assist them special classes have been established in the Cass Technical 
Evening High School and in other high schools where the demand warrants 
it, where a short course in civics for petitioners is given under the super- 
vision of an Americanization expert. The course evolved is unique and has 
proved extraordinarily efficient. Pupils may join classes at any time, and 
they graduate when they are qualified, regardless of the length of their 
attendance, the normal time required being fifteen evenings. Upon gradua- 
tion they are presented with a certificate, which they take to the natural- 
ization examiner for his endorsement. This obtained, the Naturalization 
Bureau gives the applicant an official certificate which is received by the 
court as sufficient evidence of the applicant's educational fitness. Thus 
tedious court examinations, embarrassing to applicants and costly to the 
court, are saved, and by this co-operation of school and court the welfare 
of all concerned is vastly advanced. 

This class meets the year around on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednea 
days, from 7:30 p. m. to 9 p. m. There is no charge for tuition, and the 
only requirements is a fair knowledge of English on the part of the pupil. 
It is thus a complement of the classes in elementary English and aims to 
give the pupil a real understanding of our political system in as brief a 
time as possible. Instruction is given in the geography and history of the 
United States, in the workings of the Federal, State, County, and City 
Governments; and a thorough study is made of the naturalization process, 
the constitution and the ballot. 

It is also the policy to open classes in English and Americanization iu 
any Detroit factory where the facilities and attendance justify it. 

BEGINNING CLASS: FIRST TERM 
Robert's Dramatic Method of Teaching English. Simple words and 
sentences descriptive of common, daily experiences of pupils taught vocally 
and by illustrative action on the part of the teacher, and by repetition on 
the part of the pupil. The sentences are intended by their content to afford 
instruction in hygiene, in the American social system, and in the method of 
taking first citizenship papers. 

BEGINNING CLASS: SECOND TERM 
Dramatic method continued to enlarge vocabulary and impart dexter- 
ity in the enunciation of English words. Simple reading and writing ex- 
ercies, graduated to fit the abilities of the class are begun. Subjects help- 
ful and patriotic form the theme of these exercises. The aim is to assist 
the alien to adjust himself to American environment. 

ADVANCED CLASS 
Robert's First English Reader. Simple readings in American history, 
biography, geography and government. Exercises in writing to improve 
penmanship. Simple compositions on topics drawn from readings and ex- 
perience attempted. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 53 

___ . 

ADVANCED CLASS 
Readings continued as in third term. Letter forms taught. American 
postal system explained, and the whole is co-ordinated with the study of 
American geography. Pupils are instructed how to proceed to take out 
second citizenship papers. 

SPECIAL CITIZENSHIP CLASSES 
(Cass Technical Evening High School) 
This class is for petitioners for final papers. Tt meets three nights a 
week and the course continues four to five weeks. 

Textbook: Chancellor's History and Government of the United States. 
The course comprises a study of: 

(1) The land and its resources 

(2) The geography of North America 

(3) The aboriginal inhabitants and the discoveries of Columbus 

(4) History from Columbus to the present day 

(5) The theory of republican government, and Federal, State, County, 
and Citv svstems 

(6) Election processes and a practical study of the ballot 

(7) Elementary economics and American business methods 

(8) The Constitution of the United States 



54 Courses of Study 



THE JUNIOR EVENING COLLEGE 

(CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL) 

The aim of the Junior Evening College is to offer courses in college 
work for those students who are unable to attend the day sessions of the 
college. Classes will be formed in any subject desired whenever twelve or 
more students elect such a subject. Classes in chemistry have already been 
given in recent years. College courses in physics, mathematics, English, 
and modern languages will be offered whenever there is sufficient demand. 

It is hoped in time to be able to establish courses in industrial lines, 
for those who wish a somewhat more practical and less theoretical train- 
ing than that offered in the strictly college course. 

Admission is restricted to graduates of high schools that offer four 
years of work and require not less than fifteen units for graduation. Sub- 
jects for admission are divided into two groups, required and optional. 

Group I. Required Subjects 

English composition 3 units 

Mathematics 2 units 

Foreign language 1 unit 

History 1 unit 

Science 1 unit 

Total 8 units 

Group II. Optional Subjects 
In general any subjects taught in high schools, or in evening, voca- 
tional, or continuation schools of high school grade, may be offered to 
meet the remaining seven units required for admission. Such are: 
Agriculture Literature 

Economics Mathematics 

Art Psyschology 

Geology Mechanic Arts 

Astronomy Public Speaking 

History Music 

Civics Salesmanship 

Household Arts Pedagogy 

Commercial Branches Science 

Foreign Languages Physiography 

Drawing Shop Practice 



Detroit Evening High Schools 55 

DETROIT CITY NORMAL SCHOOL 

(EVENING CLASSES AT CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL) 

PURPOSE 

The evening work offered by the Detroit City Normal College is in- 
tended for teachers in service and for those who are making preparation 
for positions as teachers. 

The courses are planned for the following: 

1. Administrative officers who wish to consider administrative problems 
in the light of the recent literature of the subject. 

2. High school teachers who wish to join working conferences in their 
respective subjects, or who are interested in current discussions of educa- 
tional aims, principles, and values. 

3. Junior high and grammar grade department teachers. 

4. Elementary teachers. 

5. Kindergarten teachers who wish to familiarize themselves with pri- 
mary methods. 

6. Teachers of Special, Ungraded, Backward and Opportunity Classes. 

7. Detroit City Normal graduates who wish to exchange their former 
diplomas for the two-year diploma now granted, and which carries 56 
hours' credit at the University of Michigan. 

8. Normal cadets or graduates who wish to finish uncompleted "Col- 
lege Credit" courses. 

9. Normal School students and others, who wish to earn evening cred- 
its applicable to the requirements for Normal School diplomas. 

ADMISSION 
There are no formal requirements for admission to the evening session. 
In general, the courses are open to all students qualified to pursue them to 
advantage. 

FEES 
No fees are charged residents, the work being part of the regular even- 
ing school organization. 

TIMES AND PLACES 
The session for 1919-1920 will open at a date to be announced in a 
special circular, and will last for 20 weeks. With a few exceptions classes 
will meet once a week from 7 to 9 p. m. While most of the classes will be 
held at Central High, other places more convenient to particular groups 
may be arranged with the instructor and principal. If desired, some meet- 
ing might be arranged to after school or Saturday hours. 

CREDITS 
Credit certificates are acceptable for regular credit at the Detroit City 
Normal and for entrance upon the teachers' record cards at the office of 
the Superintendentof Schools. A number of the courses listed are those 
accepted for credit at the University of Michigan, when taken as part of the 
Detroit City Normal diploma requirements. A one hour a week course for 
the 20 weeks earns one hour credit, a two hour a week course earns two 
hours' credit, etc. 



Courses of Study 



INSTRUCTORS 
Complete announcement cannot be made of the personnel of the teach- 
ing force until the preliminary registration is completed. In general, the 
courses are offered by the principal of the Normal School and by selected 
teachers from the Normal and High School faculties and from the super- 
visory cori)s. 

Courses 
EDUCATION (1) 
A Round Table for Principals, first assistants and others interested 
in the problems of school administration. One hour a week. 

EDUCATION (2) 
"The Teaching Process," a course intended primarily for teachers in 
the junior and senior high schools and in the upper grammar grades. The 
object of the course is to consider the various types of lessons, the class 
management best adapted to each type, the planning and organization of 
subject matter and the testing of results. Strayer and Norsworthy, "How 
to Teach." 

EDUCATION (3) 
Primary Methods: A study of subject matter, principles, and methods 
of teaching reading, spelling, and language. Course includes observation 
of model lessons, practice in story-telling, and writing of plans. 

EDUCATION (4) 
Educational or Child Psychology. This course presents the successive 
stages of physical and mental development from birth through adolescence. 
Consideration will be given to the various forms of behavior and the sig- 
nificance for the educative process. 

EDUCATION (5) 
Psychology. An outline of modern psychology., showing the relation 
of psychological problems to education. 

EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENTS 
This course is designed to aid instructors, (1), In the interpretation and 
use of tests; 2), In familiarizing themselves with statistical methods. (3), 
In constructing and handling scientifically the ordinary teacher's examina- 
tion. 

SPECIAL EDUCATION (1) 
Course for teachers of backward and mentally deficient children. Men- 
tal deficiency: Character, causes and extent of mental deficiency and re- 
tardation; classification of exceptional children; psychology of retardation 
and deficiency. 

SPECIAL EDUCATION (2) 
Course for teachers of backward and mentally deficient children. Clin- 
ical tests and measurements: A laboratory course in anthropometric meas- 



Detroit Evening High Schools 57 

urements and mental tests. Tests of school progress and of intelligence 
will be applied to children brought to the class for that purpose. Every 
student will have the opportunity of testing both normal and sub-normal 
children. 

ENGLISH (1) 

Literature: The literature of Elizabeth and the Puritan age. Two 
hours a week. 

ENGLISH (2) 

Literature: Outline course in English literature. Poetry of the nine- 
teenth century. Two hours a week. 

ENGLISH (3) 

English Methods: A course for elementary teachers in grades 4 to 8. 
Two hours. 

ENGLISH (4) 

Dramatization. A study of the manifestations of the dramatic instinct 
in children and the educational value of dramatic performances in the 
school. Pageants and festivals are discussed. Attention is given to the 
dramatization of stories suited to the various grades, to the selection of 
plays for school children and to stage deportment and management. Prac- 
tice is given as far as possible in the various lines. 

ENGLISH (5) 
Story-telling. A brief study of material for story-telling and organiza- 
tion of the material into story form suited to the mind of the child. The 
great emphasis of the course will be placed on the art side of the work 
and the largest possible amount of actual practice in story-telling will be 
given to members of the class. 

FRENCH (1) 
For Beginners. The work will be equivalent to the first term in the 
regular course, enabling the student to continue in the fall with course (2). 
Two hours. 

FRENCH (2) 
A reading and conversation course for students who have already had 
a year or more of college French or two years in the high school. Two 
hours. 

HISTORY (1) 
Development of modern Europe from 1643 to the Congress of Vienna. 
Special attention given to the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Period. 
Two hours. 

HISTORY (2) 
Development of modern Europe from the Congress of Vienna to the 
present time. Two hours. 

ARITHMETIC (1) 
This course is planned for primary teachers. Especial attention is 
given to methods of presentation of class work in the lower grades. Actual 
practice is given in drills, devices, and busy work of an arithmetical nature 
suitable for the lower grades. 



58 Courses of Study 



ARITHMETIC (2) 
This course is planned for teachers of the grammar grades and the 
junior high school. Attention is given methods of presentation of class 
work in the development of new topics. Actual problems from the life 
of the pupils of this "age are used as far as possible. Current newspapers 
and magazine articles are also freely consulted. A review of the textbook 
used in Detroit schools is also given. 

GEOGRAPHY (1) 
Teachers' Geography, a course on the problems and methods of geog- 
raphy in the elementary schools. 

GEOGRAPHY (2) 
The material and methods for geography in grades five and six. Two 
hours. 

KINDERGARTEN 
The theory and practice of the modern kindergarten. Two hours. 

HAND WORK 
The course comprises work suitable for kindergarten and primary grades 
— clay and paper modelling, sewing, weaving, cutting and drawing. Stu- 
dents would try assembling these different kinds of occupation to bring 
out expression in English and to accomplish more definite understanding 
of topics used in stories or units. 

PHYSICAL TRAINING 
The materials and methods for elementary school physical training. 
One or two hours. 

MUSIC 
The materials and methods for elementary school music. One or tw r o 
hours. 

ART • 
The materials and methods for elementary school art. One or two 
hours. 

' WORKING CONFERENCES 

Group meetings under competent leadership to consider the subject 
matter, aims, problems, methods and tests for a given subject for a school 
month. One hour, bi-weekly, or oftener. 

(a), English, (sub-groups), Junior and Senior High Schools; (b), His- 
tory, Ancient or Mediaeval; (c), History and Civics, Junior High; (d), Al- 
gebra; (e), Arithmetic, Junior High; (f), French, and (g), other groups, if 
desired. 

TEACHERS' TRAINING COURSE IN MECHANICAL DRAWING 

(Given at Cass Technical Evening High School) 

A training course for teachers of mechanical drawing and the related 

mathematics will be organized at Cass Technical High School. The course 

is open to all evening school teachers of drawing, to all those who wish to 



! Detroit Evening High Schools 59 

qualify for teaching the subject in the evening schools, and to any other 
teachers who may wish to broaden their qualifications and general improve- 
ment. 

This will be a general course in drawing with particular attention given 
to the attitude of the teacher toward the problem of the night school, the 
content of the courses, general method, supervision of the room, equipment 
and supplies. Part of the time is given to the discussions and the remain- 
der to actual drawing in the drafting room. Enough of the latter is done 
to thoroughly ground the student teacher in good method and' good practice. 

Some of the topics for discussion are lettering, placing of views, dimen- 
sioning, inking, free-hand working drawings, section views, conventions, 
and standards as adopted in the public schools. 

The class meets once a week from 7:00 to 9:00 o'clock. 

This course is required of all prospective teachers for drafting in the 
Evening High School. 



60 Courses of Study 



SUPPLEMENTAL LIST OF TEXT BOOKS 

Gregg — Business English — Gregg Pub. Co., Chicago. 
Dwyer — The Business Letter — Houghton, Mifflin Co. 
Wood — Practical English Grammar— D. Appleton & Co. 
Wooley — Hand Book Composition — D. C. Heath & Co. 
Cody — How to Write Business Letters — School of English, Chicago. 
Keal and Phelps — Secondary Mathematics — Atkinson, Alentzer & Co. 
fimbie and Higbie — Alternating Currents — J. Wiley. 
Wolber and Carr — Elementary Electrical Engineering — Cass Technical 
High Printery. 

Hoover — Salesmanship. 

Wentworth, Smith and Schlauch — Commercial Algebra. 

Huchingson — Penmanship. 



Detroit Evening High Schools 



61 



INDEX 



Academic Department 34-41 

Accounting 30 

Algebra 38 

Americanization 50 

Arithmetic, Business 30 

Arithmetic < 39 

Bishop School 14 

Blue Print Reading 22 

Bookkeeping 30 

Business Credits 31 

Cabinet Making 23 

Calendar 2 

Cass Tech 5 

Central High 7 

Chemistry 25-40 

Chemistry for Nurses 26 

Commercial Group 28 

Cooking 42 

Drawing, Mechanical 15 

Drawing, Architectural 17 

Eastern High 8 

Electricity 26 

English, Commercial 28 

English, Academic 34-36 

English for Foreigners 48 

Forge Work 21 

French 36 

Fifth and Sixth Grades 48 

Gas Engine 18 

General Information 4 

Geometry 38 

History 37 

Junior College 54 

Latin 36 

Law, Commercial 31 



Machine Shop 19 

Mathematics 16 

Millinery 43 

Music , 44 

Normal School 55 

Nordstrum High 9 

Northeastern High 10 

Northern High 11 

Northwestern High 12 

Pattern Making 23 

Purpose 3 

Printing 24 

Pharmacy 25 

Physics 41 

Physical Training 45 

Salesmanship 32 

Schedule of Classes 5-14 

Southeastern High 13 

Sheet Metal Work '. 21 

Science Group 25-27 

Shorthand 28 

Seventh and Eighth Grades.... 48 

Spanish 37 

Sewing 42 

Swimming 46 

Supplemental Texts 60 

Tailoring Design 24 

Technical Group 15-24 

Tool Design 22 

Typewriting 29 

Trigonometry 39 

Western High 14 

Wilkins High School of Commerce 6 

Woodworking 22 



■SHftSLP 1 " CONGRESS 



029 930 386 A 




